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family 2 > EYE > Flashcards

EYE Flashcards

1
Q

Blepharitis

non-ulcerative vs ulcerative

A

non: assc w skin issue(sebborrheic)/trisomy21/lice
d/t chemical/environmental
ulcerative:involves lash n meibomian gland, pustules at follicle=crust/bloody/thick breaking lashes

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2
Q

Blepharitis mgmt non-pharm

A

lid scrub, massage meibomian gland

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3
Q

Blepharitis tx

resistant tx

A

bacitracin, erythromycin, quinolone ointment

PO: doxycylcine, tetracycline

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4
Q

Hordeolum internal vs external

A

internal-inflammation/infection of meibomian gland
external-eyelid/lash affected
(((((Tender stye)))))

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5
Q

Chalazion

A

granulomatous infection of meibomian gland

painless swelling, NO exudate

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6
Q

Chalazion mgmt

A

compress
steroid inj
lid massage/scrub

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7
Q

Conjunctivitis bacterial causes

A

staph, strep, h.flu, m.cat, pseudomonas

Gonococcal, chlamydial

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8
Q

Conjunctivitis viral caused by

A

adenoviruses- coxsacki, varicella zoster, herpes simplex/zoster
flourescein stain=dendrites

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9
Q

Conjunctivitis allergic tx

A 
topical decongestant antihistamine
-naphazoline HCl
Mast cell stabilizers
-olopatadine
-azelastine
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10
Q

Conjunctivits bacterial tx

A

drops
sulfacetamide
tobramycin
Ciprofloxacin

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11
Q

Conjunctivitis chlamydial/gonococcal tx

A

PO PCN and Doxy

eye: refer to opth, gentamicin

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12
Q

Cellulitis caused by

refer out*

A

staph, strep, strep pna, H.flu, fungus

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13
Q

Pingueculum and pterygium

A

conjunctival lesions d/t epithelial hyperplasia

^sun exposure, environmental irritants

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14
Q

Pingueculum vs pterygium

A

pingueculum- yellow growth

pterygium- vascularized lesion

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15
Q

Pingueculum, pterygium tx

A 
opth lube, antiinflammatory (voltaren/ketolorac)
topical steroid  (rimexolone, loteprednol)
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16
Q

Corneal abrasion tx

A

tobramycin, cipro ointment

cipro, ofloxacin drops

17
Q

Dacryostenosis most common cause of

A

epiphoria (^tearing) and NB ocular discharge

18
Q

Dacryostenosis causes

TX

A

NB- inferior turbinate fails to complete canalization in NB period
Infection-staph or strep
lacrimal duct massage, abx drops

19
Q

Dacryostenosis findings

A

Lacrimal sac distension/inflammation

Puncture pressure=mucus reflux

20
Q

What is Hyphema
When does it happen
What does it look like

A

hemorrhage into anterior chamber of eye d/t iris or ciliary body rupture
spontaneous or d/t trauma
visible fluid line in pupil

21
Q

Hyphema prevention

A

protection, control dm and hemophilia

22
Q

Glaucoma risk factors

open angle and closed angle

A

open-DM, AA,
angle closure-hyperopia, small cornea (>25mmhg iop)
**anticholinergics can ^IOP

23
Q

Open angle glaucoma tx

A 
beta blocker (vAqueous humor production)
prostaglandin analogs(-prost) =brown iris (^AH outflow)
24
Q

angle closure glaucoma tx

vIOP during acute attack

A

acetazolamide, IV mannitol, topical pilocarpine
laser iridotomy or peripheral iridectomy
bedrest

25
Q

Diabetic retinopathy findings

A

microaneurysms, intraretinal hemorrhage, macular edema, lipid deposits
nerve fiber infarctions (cotton wool), venous beading/dilation, edema

26
Q

Diabetic retinopathy tx

A

lisinopril (slows progression)

laser tx if proliferative

27
Q

Macular degeneration =blindness

dry vs wet

A

dry-retinal degeneration

wet-new blood vessels form under retina and in macula=distortion/visual loss

28
Q

Macular degeneration early indicator

A

yellow round spots (drusen)

29
Q

Macular degeneration mgmt

A

int state=antioxidant vits/zinc

thermal laser photocoagulation for wet, not for central macular area

30
Q

Cellulitis tx

A

cephalosporin, ampicillin-clavulanic acid; IV abx

31
Q

Corneal abrasion vs erosion

A

Epithelium

Underlying stromal layer

32
Q

Foreign body tx

A

Erythromycin, tobramycin

Ciprofloxacin, oflox

33
Q

Dry eye causes

A

Sjrogens
Infection
Trauma, CN8 Palsy
vTear production

34
Q

vTear production causes

Dry eye

A

Anticholinergics, b-blockers, antihistamines
vEstrogen
Computer/microscope=vBlinks

35
Q 
Dry eye levels
1
2
3
4
A

1: avoid triggers;modifications
2: lubricants, topical antiinflammatory, topical/systemic omega3s
3: autologous serum, lenses, punctual occlusion
4: systemic antiinflammatory, surgery

36
Q

Cataracts mgmt

A

Control health, uv glasses, no drinking/smoking

family 2 (23 decks)

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