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I&I Past Exams > extra patho Q's > Flashcards

extra patho Q's Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the HIV virus replicate?

a. thymus and lymph nodes
b. spleen and lymph nodes
c. bone marrow and thymus
c. spleen and bone marrow

A

b. spleen and lymph nodes

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2
Q

Which of the following have an undetectable plasma viremia?

a. rapid progressors
b. long term nonprogressors
c. elite controllers

A

c. elite controllers

b= asymptomatic for 10 or more years

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3
Q

Which of the following attacks the grey matter?

a. toxoplasmosis
b. progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
c. candidiasis

A

a. toxoplasmosis

B= white matter

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4
Q

how do you diagnose cryptosporidia?

a. blood test
b. stool exam
c. scraping exam

A

b. stool exam

it causes diarrhea

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5
Q

how do you diagnose candidiasis?

a. blood test
b. stool exam
c. scraping exam

A

c. scraping exam

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6
Q

Which of the following is described as having a soap bubble lesion appearance?

a. cryptococcosis
b. progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
c. cryptosporidia
d. toxoplasmosis

A

a. cryptococcosis

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7
Q

Describe the chest x-ray of a patient with Pneumocystis jirovecii (or carinii)

a. looks frothy
b. have cotton wall shadows
c. helmet-shaped
d. looks like soap bubbles

A

b. have cotton wall shadows

A describes the alveoli and C describes the protozoa itself

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8
Q

Which of the following is the most common opportunistic viral pathogen in AIDS?

a. PML
b. CMV
c. herpes simplex virus
d. VZV

A

b. CMV

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9
Q

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) remains latent in…

A

kidneys and lymphoid tissues

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10
Q

Which of the following is the most common likely cause of blindness in immunocompromized patients?

a. VZV
b. CMV
c. herpes simplex virus

A

b. CMV

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11
Q

PML is reactivated when ___ is suppressed

a. innate immunity
b. cellular immunity

A

b. cellular immunity

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12
Q

Which of the following is false about PML?

a. demylination starts as small foci in junctions
b. lesions involve the cerebellum, cerebrum, & brainstem
c. myelin is more affected than axons
d. nuclei of oligodendrocytes get smaller

A

d. nuclei of oligodendrocytes are enlarged due to inflammation

(nuclei of oligodendrocytes are enlarged because they’re packed with viral particles)

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13
Q

Which disease affects these three regions: cerebellum, cerebrum, & brainstem?

A

PML

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14
Q

Which disease affects these three regions: cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, & brainstem?

A

toxoplasmosis

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15
Q

What are the plaques of Kaposi sarcoma made out of?

A

spindle cells, inflammatory cells (lymphocytes), and blood vessels

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16
Q

Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) is related to…

a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. A&B
e. B&C

A

d. A&B

17
Q

Primary CNS Lymphoma (PCNSL) is related to…

a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. A&B
e. B&C

A

a. EBV

18
Q

Which of the following is true?

a. as EBV specific cytotoxic T cells increase, the risk of getting lymphoma in AID’s patients increase
b. as EBV specific cytotoxic T cells increase, the risk of getting lymphoma in AID’s patients decrease

A

b. as EBV specific cytotoxic T cells increase, the risk of getting lymphoma in AID’s patients decrease

19
Q

You look at a histology slide and it looks like a starry sky, which of the following does the patient most likely have?

a. Burkitt’s lymphoma
b. Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
c. Hodgkins lymphoma

A

a. Burkitt’s lymphoma

the stars are macrophages eating apoptotic tumor cells

20
Q

How does HPV lead to cervical cancer?

A

it has two oncogenic parts E6 and E7, which attach and attack tumor suppressor genes

21
Q

Which TWO HPV strains are the highest risk?

a. 58
b. 33
c. 18
d. 17
e. 16
f. 5

A

c. 18
&
e. 16

22
Q

Which cells does the HIV virus destroy?

a. cytotoxic T cells
b. helper T cells
c. both T cells
d. b cells

A

b. helper T cells

23
Q

which of the following causes cholangitis (inflammation of the bile duct) and cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder)?

a. cryptosporidia
b. toxoplasmosis
c. isospora belli
d. cryptococcosis

A

a. cryptosporidia

24
Q

How is HHV-8 most predominantly spread?

a. sexual contact
b. blood
c. saliva
d. vertical

A

c. saliva

25
Q

kaposi sarcoma is associated with

a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. CMV

A

b. HHV-8

26
Q

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is associated with

a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. CMV

A

a. EBV

27
Q

which of the following infections are more common in pregnant women?

a. primary infections
b. recurrent infections

A

a. primary infections

28
Q

Which of the following can present as “blueberry muffin” lesions?

a. Toxoplasmosis
b. Rubella
c. HSV
d. HIV

A

b. Rubella

& CMV

29
Q

Which of the following is asymptomatic at birth?

a. Toxoplasmosis
b. Rubella
c. HSV
d. HIV

A

a. Toxoplasmosis

& CMV

30
Q

Which of the following has maternal antibodies that are protective of the fetus?

a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus

A

b. Rubella

31
Q

Thrombocytopenia, microcephaly, and chorioretinitis is a combo indicating which of the following?

a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
e. HSV

A

a. CMV

32
Q

Intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus, and chorioretinitis is a combo indicating which of the following?

a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
e. HSV

A

c. Toxoplasmosis

33
Q

Microcephaly, cataract, and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a combo indicating which of the following?

a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
e. HSV

A

b. Rubella

34
Q

Which of the following is associated with Guillan-Barre syndrome?

a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. HIV

A

b. Zika virus

35
Q

Which of the following is associated with skin lesions and hepatomegaly?

a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. HIV

A

c. HSV

36
Q

Which of the following is associated with hydrops fetalis and slapped cheek syndrome?

a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. Congenital syphilis

A

a. Erythroparvovirus

37
Q

Which of the following is associated with 8th nerve damage and bowing shins?

a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. Congenital syphilis

A

d. Congenital syphilis

I&I Past Exams (14 decks)

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