extra patho Q's Flashcards
Where does the HIV virus replicate?
a. thymus and lymph nodes
b. spleen and lymph nodes
c. bone marrow and thymus
c. spleen and bone marrow
b. spleen and lymph nodes
Which of the following have an undetectable plasma viremia?
a. rapid progressors
b. long term nonprogressors
c. elite controllers
c. elite controllers
b= asymptomatic for 10 or more years
Which of the following attacks the grey matter?
a. toxoplasmosis
b. progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
c. candidiasis
a. toxoplasmosis
B= white matter
how do you diagnose cryptosporidia?
a. blood test
b. stool exam
c. scraping exam
b. stool exam
it causes diarrhea
how do you diagnose candidiasis?
a. blood test
b. stool exam
c. scraping exam
c. scraping exam
Which of the following is described as having a soap bubble lesion appearance?
a. cryptococcosis
b. progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
c. cryptosporidia
d. toxoplasmosis
a. cryptococcosis
Describe the chest x-ray of a patient with Pneumocystis jirovecii (or carinii)
a. looks frothy
b. have cotton wall shadows
c. helmet-shaped
d. looks like soap bubbles
b. have cotton wall shadows
A describes the alveoli and C describes the protozoa itself
Which of the following is the most common opportunistic viral pathogen in AIDS?
a. PML
b. CMV
c. herpes simplex virus
d. VZV
b. CMV
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) remains latent in…
kidneys and lymphoid tissues
Which of the following is the most common likely cause of blindness in immunocompromized patients?
a. VZV
b. CMV
c. herpes simplex virus
b. CMV
PML is reactivated when ___ is suppressed
a. innate immunity
b. cellular immunity
b. cellular immunity
Which of the following is false about PML?
a. demylination starts as small foci in junctions
b. lesions involve the cerebellum, cerebrum, & brainstem
c. myelin is more affected than axons
d. nuclei of oligodendrocytes get smaller
d. nuclei of oligodendrocytes are enlarged due to inflammation
(nuclei of oligodendrocytes are enlarged because they’re packed with viral particles)
Which disease affects these three regions: cerebellum, cerebrum, & brainstem?
PML
Which disease affects these three regions: cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, & brainstem?
toxoplasmosis
What are the plaques of Kaposi sarcoma made out of?
spindle cells, inflammatory cells (lymphocytes), and blood vessels
Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) is related to…
a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. A&B
e. B&C
d. A&B
Primary CNS Lymphoma (PCNSL) is related to…
a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. A&B
e. B&C
a. EBV
Which of the following is true?
a. as EBV specific cytotoxic T cells increase, the risk of getting lymphoma in AID’s patients increase
b. as EBV specific cytotoxic T cells increase, the risk of getting lymphoma in AID’s patients decrease
b. as EBV specific cytotoxic T cells increase, the risk of getting lymphoma in AID’s patients decrease
You look at a histology slide and it looks like a starry sky, which of the following does the patient most likely have?
a. Burkitt’s lymphoma
b. Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
c. Hodgkins lymphoma
a. Burkitt’s lymphoma
the stars are macrophages eating apoptotic tumor cells
How does HPV lead to cervical cancer?
it has two oncogenic parts E6 and E7, which attach and attack tumor suppressor genes
Which TWO HPV strains are the highest risk?
a. 58
b. 33
c. 18
d. 17
e. 16
f. 5
c. 18
&
e. 16
Which cells does the HIV virus destroy?
a. cytotoxic T cells
b. helper T cells
c. both T cells
d. b cells
b. helper T cells
which of the following causes cholangitis (inflammation of the bile duct) and cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder)?
a. cryptosporidia
b. toxoplasmosis
c. isospora belli
d. cryptococcosis
a. cryptosporidia
How is HHV-8 most predominantly spread?
a. sexual contact
b. blood
c. saliva
d. vertical
c. saliva
kaposi sarcoma is associated with
a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. CMV
b. HHV-8
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is associated with
a. EBV
b. HHV-8
c. HPV
d. CMV
a. EBV
which of the following infections are more common in pregnant women?
a. primary infections
b. recurrent infections
a. primary infections
Which of the following can present as “blueberry muffin” lesions?
a. Toxoplasmosis
b. Rubella
c. HSV
d. HIV
b. Rubella
& CMV
Which of the following is asymptomatic at birth?
a. Toxoplasmosis
b. Rubella
c. HSV
d. HIV
a. Toxoplasmosis
& CMV
Which of the following has maternal antibodies that are protective of the fetus?
a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
b. Rubella
Thrombocytopenia, microcephaly, and chorioretinitis is a combo indicating which of the following?
a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
e. HSV
a. CMV
Intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus, and chorioretinitis is a combo indicating which of the following?
a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
e. HSV
c. Toxoplasmosis
Microcephaly, cataract, and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a combo indicating which of the following?
a. CMV
b. Rubella
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Zika virus
e. HSV
b. Rubella
Which of the following is associated with Guillan-Barre syndrome?
a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. HIV
b. Zika virus
Which of the following is associated with skin lesions and hepatomegaly?
a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. HIV
c. HSV
Which of the following is associated with hydrops fetalis and slapped cheek syndrome?
a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. Congenital syphilis
a. Erythroparvovirus
Which of the following is associated with 8th nerve damage and bowing shins?
a. Erythroparvovirus
b. Zika virus
c. HSV
d. Congenital syphilis
d. Congenital syphilis
