Examplify Flashcards
if 2.5 mg ramipril produces the same BP lowering affect as 10mg lisinopril… ramipirl is more
potent than lisinoppril
a drug which causes the same affect at lower doses is more potent
a new antibiotic produces toxic affect at a dose of 120mg TDS in 50% of patients and a clinically desired repsonse at 100mg TDS in half the population. WHat is the therapeutic index of this new antibiotic
- 2
* therapeutic index is equal to dose that produces toxicity in 50% population/ dose that prodcues clinically desired effect*
buprenoprhine is a partial agonist for opioid receptors. Can it have an affinity for these receptors that is greater than a full agonist such as codeine?
yes
partial agonists can have greater, the same or lower affinity for the same receptor as a full agonist, but will have a lower efficacy than the full agonist
plasma steady state is reached quicker if the rate of infusion of an IV drug is doubles
false
the P450 enzyme CYP3A4 is inhibited by grapefruit juice. How would this affect the plasma conc of simvastatin if a ptient were to drink grapefruit juice alongside taking the daily statin
it could increase plasma conc
steady state plasma conc will be reach by how many half lives
5
a pt is taking 80mg atorbastatin for secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. Only 11.2mg is absorbed unchanged due to incomplete gut absorption and gut wall excretion. what is the oral bioavailability
total drug given orally which reaches systemic circulation/ drug given IV that reaches systemic circulation
11.2/80 x 100 =14%
a 46 year old women weighing 70kg is prescriebd ramapril to manage essential hypertension. her dose has been icnreased to 5mg OD. The peak plasma conc of ramapril was o.o6 mg/L. The apparent volume of distribution is …..
Vd= dose/ plasma conc
- 5/0.06 =83.3 L
pt is 70kg thereofre 84/70 =1.2 L/kg
state 3 common DDIs between beta blockers and thiazide diuretics
hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and hyperuricaemia
common ADR of furosemide
increased LDL cholesterol
can labetalol be used to treat hypertension during pregnancy
yes
(ACEo. ARBs and CCBs contraindicated)
beta blockers are used to treated left ventricular heart failure by increasing heart rate
false
slightly counterintuitvely beta blockers slow the ehart, allowing more time for filling and increasing cardiac output
how does spironolactone affot its intiial bp lowering actio
inhibition of aldosterone activity
ACEi can lower bp by inhibiting the breakdown of bradykinin
true
ACEi inhibitors lower BP by inhibiting the breakdown of braydkinin as well as their action through ACEi
which class of drugs does losartan belong to
angiotensin receptor blockers
