Drugs quiz 2 Flashcards
phenytoin
anti-epileptic : sodium channel blocker
- Tonic-clonic seizures
- Focal seizures
- Status epilepticus
Exenatide
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP1) Analogues
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with metformin or a sulfonylurea
Tamoxifen
anti-oestrogen
- oestrogen-receptor positive breast cancer
- infertility
Levonorgestrel
progestogen
- hormone replacement therapy
Ciclosporin
disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug: Calcineurin inhibitors
*Ciclosporin can reduce activity in the immune system and help prevent damage to joints.*
- UC
- RA
- atopic dermatitis
- organ trasnplantation
*
5-Fluorouracil
antimetabolite chemotherapy
inhibit thymidylate synthase
Buprenorphine
Buprenorphine is an opioid-receptor partial agonist (it has opioid agonist and antagonist properties).
- opioid painkiller
- opioid resistance
Hyoscine hydrobromide
Muscarninic antagonist- works by blocking some of the effects of acetylcholine within the nervous system
- Motion sickness
- hypersalivation
- excessive resp secretions
Bumetanide
loop diuretic
- Inhibition of Na/K/2Cl co-transporter in the loop of Henle*
- Oedema
Amiodarone
Class III antiarythmic
- Potassium channel blockers*
- Treatment of arrhythmias, particularly when other drugs are ineffective or contra-indicated (including paroxysmal supraventricular, nodal and ventricular tachycardias, atrial fibrillation and flutter, ventricular fibrillation, and tachyarrhythmias associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome)
Aluminium hydroxide
antacid: Neutralise hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions
- heartburn
- acid indigestion
- upset stomach.
- They may be used to treat these symptoms in patients with peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophagitis, hiatal hernia, or too much acid in the stomach
Macrogol
osmotic laxative: draws water into stool
- constipation
- faecal compaction
Omeprazole
proton-pump inhibitor
- gastric/ duodenal ulcers
- NSAID
- H.pylori
- H.pylori (in combo with other drugs)
- GORD
- functional dyspepsia
Losartan
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB): AT1 receptor antagonist
- hypertension (with Type 2DM or black african/ afrocaribean origin
Heparin
Unfractionated heparin (UFH): Inhibition of active clotting factors - Xa AND IIa (thrombin)
- PE
- angina
- DVT
- Thrombophylaxis in surgical patients
Alirocumab
PCSK9 inhibitors: Monoclonal antibody that inhibit the PCSK9 enzyme (in combination with other lipid- lowering drug e.g. statin)
- Primary hypercholesterolaemia
- atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Salmeterol
Long acting B2 agonist
- asthma
- COPD (with degree of reversibility)
Fluticasone
corticosteroid (inhaled)
- asthma prophylaxis
- allergic rhinitis
- dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis (if unresponsive to less strong steroids)
Codeine
analgesic- opioid receptor agonist (Mu receptor)
- mild to moderate pain
- diarrhea
Amantadine
dopamine receptor agonist
- Parkinsons
Azithromycin
macrolide: inhibition of bacterial protein biosynthesis
alternative in penicillin-allergic patients. They are active against many-penicillin-resistant staphylococci, but some are now also resistant to the macrolides.
- campylobacter enteritis
- respiratory infections (including pneumonia, whooping cough, Legionella, chlamydia, and mycoplasma infection)
- skin infections
- syphilis
Selegiline
monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor (MOA)
- parkinsons
Estradiol
- Oestrogen steroid hormone
hormonal replacement therapy
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
- Synthetic progestogen*
- hormone replacement therapy
Ulipristal acetate
- Progesterone receptor modulator*
- emergency contraception
tarcolimus
antimetabolite- calcineurin inhibitor
- ecezema
Pyridostigmine
a nticholinersterase- inhibition of chilinesterase
- myasthenia gravis
Protamine Sulphate
heparin reversal
Tranexamic acid
antifibrinolytic- inhibit the activation of plasminogen from plasmin
- menorrhagia
- local fibrinolysis
Diltiazem
class IV antiarrythmic- calcium channel blocker
- angina
- hypertension
- supraventricular arrythmia
