Drug quiz 4

Question 1

Lidocaine (1B)

Answer 1

class 1 antiarrythmic- sodium channel blocker

• IV treatment for ventricular arrhythmias (for acute myocardial infarction, digoxin poisoning, cardioversion, or cardiac catheterization) if amiodarone is not available or contraindicated.
• also a local anaesthetic

Question 2

Atenolol

Answer 2

unclassified antiarrythmic: Beta adrenoceptor blockers (B blocker)

• angina
• treatment after MI
• with or without antihypertensives

Question 3

Salbutamol

Answer 3

short acting B2 agonist: β adrenoceptor agonists

• symptomatic relief for asthamtics (may be used prior to exercise)

Question 4

Cyclizine

Answer 4

Drugs for Nausea and Vomiting: H₁ antagonists

Question 5

Rotigotine

Answer 5

Drugs used in Parkinson’s disease:Dopamine Receptor Agonists

• parkinsons
• restless leg syndrome

Question 6

Paclitaxel

Answer 6

antimetabolite: Taxane

(Microtubule depolymerisation inhibitor)

• ovarian and breast cancer

Question 7

Methotrexate

Answer 7

• cancer ( Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor)
• RA (indirect suppression of adhesion molecules on T-cells and neutrophils?)

Question 8

Diclofenac

Answer 8

NSAID: Cyclooxygenase inhibitors – differing selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2

• pain and inflammation
  
  • ​RA
  • POST OP pain

Question 9

Gliclazide

Answer 9

Sulfonylureas: ATP sensitive potassium channel blocker

• DM

Question 10

Canagliflozin

Answer 10

flozin LSodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors

• DM

Question 11

Naproxen

Answer 11

NSAIDL Cyclooxygenase inhibitors – differing selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2

• OA/RA

Question 12

Infliximab

Answer 12

TNF-**α inhibitors

• Crohns
• RA

Question 13

Cyclophosphamide

Answer 13

Antiproliferative immunosuppressants

• RA

Question 14

Nitrofurantoin

Answer 14

UTI antibiotic

Question 15

Lansoprazole

Answer 15

Proton pump inhibitors

• Gastirtis
• GORD
• H.pylori eradication

Question 16

Verapamil

Answer 16

Class IV Antiarrythmic: calcium channel blocker

• supraventricular arrhythmias
• angina
• hypertension

Question 17

Propranolol

Answer 17

Beta adrenoceptor blockers

• arrythmia
• hypertension
• essential tremor
• MI
• angina
  *

Question 18

Glycerol suppository

Answer 18

stimulant laxatives

Enhance gut motility and increase water and electrolyte transfer into the lower gut

Question 19

Loperamide

Answer 19

anti-motility drug: intestinal u-receptor agonist

• diarrhea
• faecal incontinence

Question 20

Sotalol

Answer 20

class III antiarrythmic: potassium

• ventricular tachyarrythmias

Question 22

Furosemide

Answer 22

loop diuretic: Inhibition of Na/K/2Cl co-transporter in the loop of Henle

• oedema e.g. nephrotic syndrome
• resistant hypertension

Question 23

Doxazosin

Answer 23

Alpha adrenoceptor blockers

• hypertension
• BPH

Question 24

Lisinopril

Answer 24

ACE inhibitors (ACEi): Inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme

• essential hypertension
• HF

Question 25

Fondaparinux

Answer 25

Synthetic (heparin) pentasaccharide: Inhibition of active clotting factor Xa

• prophylaxis for VTE e.g. before surgery, immbolisation
• treatment for DVT and PE

Question 26

Dipyridamole

Answer 26

antiplatelet: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor and inhibition of adenosine reuptake in platelets
* secondary prevention of ischaemic stroke (not associated with AF)

Question 27

Fenofibrate

Answer 27

antiplatelet agent: fibrate: PPAR-α activator

• Adjunct to diet and other appropriate measures in mixed hyperlipidaemia if statin contraindicated or not tolerated,

Question 28

Tranexamic acid

Answer 28

Antifibrinolytics: Inhibit the activation of plasminogen from plasmin

• Menorrhagia
• Local fibrinolysis
• Epistaxis
• Prevention and treatment of significant haemorrhage following trauma

Question 29

Tiotropium bromide

Answer 29

long action anti-muscarinic

• prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, such as chronic bronchitis (swelling of the air passages that lead to the lungs) and emphysema

Question 30

Midazolam

Answer 30

Anxiolytics: Increase GABA activity (inhibitory neurotransmitter)

• seizure
• conscious sedation for procedures
• premedication
• palliative care