Drug quiz 3 Flashcards
Insulin aspart (Novorapidâ)
rapid acting insulin
Soluble insulin (Actrapidâ, Humulin Sâ)
short-acting insulin
Insulin degludec, Insulin glargine
long-acting insulins
Isophane insulin (NPH)
intermediate-acting
Azathioprine
Antiproliferative immunosuppressants
- Crohns
- RA
- suppression for transplant rejection
- eczema
Lidocaine
local anaesthetics (sodium channel blocker)
Ezetimibe
Cholesterol absorption inhibitors: Cholesterol absorption inhibitors
- hypercholesterolaemia
Aminophylline
methylxanthine: adenosine antagonists
* termination of acute bronchospasm secondary to asthma or COPD exacerbation;
Domperidone
Antiemetic: D2 Antagonist
- Relief of nausea and vomiting
Acetylcysteine
paracetamol overdose: glutathione donation
Levetiracetam
anti-epileptic: unclear but preysnaptic calcium blocking activity in part
Levodopa (L-DOPA)
Dopamine precursors
- parkinsons
Ciprofloxacin
quinolone: interfere with DNA replication
- Very good cover of Gram negative organisms, as well as atypical organisms and Gram positives
- Clinical applications:
- Complicated UTIs
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa cover
- Gonorrhoea
Co-careldopa*,
*contain levodopa and DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor
Co-careldopa is used to treat the main symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. It can help with shaking (tremors), slowness and stiffness. These are called “motor” symptoms because they affect the way you move. Co-careldopa is a mixture of the medicines levodopa and carbidopa.
Aciclovir
antiviral drug
- herpes simpelx
Oseltamivir
antiviral
- prevention of influenza
Methotrexate
antimetabolite: dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
- Crohns
- RA
- neoplastic disease
Ibuprofen
NSAID: Cyclooxygenase inhibitors – COX-2 inhibitor
- pain
- inflammation
Hyoscine hydrobromide
anti-spasmodic : muscarinic receptor antagonist
- motion sickness
Bisacodyl
Stimulant laxatives: Enhance gut motility and increase water and electrolyte transfer into the lower gut
Metoprolol
class II antiarrythmic
- hypertension
- angina
- arrythmia (AF)
Ivabradine
unclassified antiarrythmic
Inhibition of If current in SAN
- angina
- heart failure (not fully managed by B blocker`)
Glyceryl trinitrate
nitrate :Soluble guanylyl cyclase activation - elevate cGMP - vasodilation
- angina
Apixaban
Direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs): Inhibition of active clotting factor Xa
- venous thromboembolism
- PE
- DVT
Abciximab
antiplatelet agent: Irreversible binding of GPIIb/IIIa receptors
- prevention of cardiac ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and in patients with unstable angina not responding to conventional medical therapy when percutaneous coronary intervention is planned
Simvastatin
statin: Inhibit the rate limiting step of the mevalonate pathway (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors)
* Adjunct to diet and exercise in mixed dyslipidaemia,
Trimethoprim
Trimethoprim binds to dihydrofolate reductase and inhibits the reduction of dihydrofolic acid (DHF) to tetrahydrofolic acid (THF). THF is an essential precursor in the thymidine synthesis pathway and interference with this pathway inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis.
- UTI
- sometimes: acne and chest infection
Levonorgestrel
progestogen
- emergency contraception
Hydroxychloroquine
drug to treat RA: increase pH inside macrophage lysosome
Cisplatin
antimetabolite chemotherapy: platinum compound- inhibition of DNA replication
- Treatment of testicular, lung, cervical, bladder, head and neck, and ovarian cancer
