EXAM2_G15_Joints_IMAGING_1 Flashcards
4 UE joints
SC, AC, GH, Scapulohumeral (needed for limb movement)
Scapulohumeral rhythym
1:2 ration of scapula to GH movement
180 deg upper limb
60 deg scap rotation
120 deg humeral action at GH joint
What is the sternal end of the clavicle?
Where does it attach?
small end goes to manubrium in the Clavicular notch
What are the 4 ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint?
- Interclavicular ligament
- Costoclavicular ligament
- Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
- Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
What is the disc between sternum and clavicle?
What is most important ligament of sternoclavicular joint?
Articular disc
costoclavicular ligament- anchors clavicle to the joint
Dislocation of sternoclavicular joint
RARE (anterior more common 9:1)
Fracture more common
What ligaments support the acromioclavicular ligament?
Medial is CONOID ligament
Middle is TRAPEZOID ligament
Lateral is CORACOACROMIAL ligament
The trapezoid ligament and the conoid ligament are collectively called the?
Coracoclavicular ligaments
What is continuous superiorly with the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii?
GLENOID LABRUM
What does the glenoid labrum do?
Where in the joint capsule is it located? where will it be pinned on a practical?
Fibrocartilage ring that deepens the glenoid cavity
-ring around the Glenoid cavity that forms the bowl
What tendons are external to the joint capsule?
Supraspinatus subscapularis infraspinatus, teres minor
GH joint capsule
has excess material inferior for upward rotations
loose fibrous capsule
What forms the Protective arch superior to GH joint
what function?
Coracoacromial ligament:
Prevents superior displacement of head of humerus from GH cavity
Stabilizes acromioclavicular joint
What maintains tendon of long head of biceps within intertubercular sulcus?
Transverse humeral ligament
What reinforces the joint capsule superiorly
Coracohumeral ligament
What ligament is internal to joint capsule? what are the three parts?
What does it do?
Glenohumeral ligaments superior middle inferior Reinforces capsule anteriorly
What synovial membrane of joint capsule protrudes through apertures in the fibrous joint capsule ?
Subtendinous Bursa of subscapularis
what surrounds tendon of long head of biceps?
Synovial sheath of biceps brachii (can be seen on radio-graph)
Waht are the two bursa under deltoid and coracoachromial ligament?
Subdeltoid bursa
subacromial bursa
What is a shoulder separation?
what is type 1,2,3
Dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint
T1 /2 incomplete, primarily ac ligament involved (indirect force)
T3- Complete shoulder separation- AC joint and Coracoclavicular joints ruptured (Direct force)
T3+ complete shoulder separation involves rupture of ac and coracoclavicular ligament (direct force)
Characteristics of a piano key sign
press down on clavicle and it comes back up like a piano key
dislocated AC joint -traps pull clavicle up UE and Scapula fall -acromion moves inferior to clavicle -prominent clavicle -shoulder contour normal
What is a Shoulder Dislocation?
dislocation of glenohumeral joint
Anterior SD most common
Axillary nerve and PCHA at risk in quad space.
INFERIOR most common probably weak cause they dont need to be strong b/c gravity helps
loss of shoulder contour
What type of shoulder injury leads to a loss of shoulder contour? which one doesnt?
Dislocation of GH joint= loss of contour
Dislocation of AC joint- normal shoulder contour
What most common dislocation 2nd most common of GH joint?
Subcoracoid
Subglenoid
recurrent subcoracoid shoulder dislocations of GH joint shows what deformity?
Hill Sachs deformity
Divit (indented groove) in posterolateral aspect of humeral head
Degenerative tendinitis of the rotator cuff and calcified tendinitis
What is the key clinical feature?
Subacromial bursitis
-focused on supraspinatus tendon near attachment on Greater tubercle
Avascular- age-related degeneration
Painful arc sign
