Exam review 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Define the option and what it could entail for an arrival or departure

A

The option allows a flight instructor to give a student a last minute arrivla or departure procedure for training:

For arriving aircraft it can be any of: touch and go, stop and go, low approach, missed approach or full stop landing

For departing aircraft it can be any of: simulated rejected takeoff, reduced power takeoff, or simulated engine failure on departure

We must be prepared and have space for any of the above things to happen if we authorize the option

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2
Q

What do we do if there are 2 aircraft with similar sounding IDs on our frequency and operating in the same airspace

A

Advise the aircraft of the others presence adn for further clarification do one of the following:

For emphasis restate the telephone designator of the aircraft after the flight number
Add the type of aircraft to the call sign
Instruct one of the pilots to use the aircraft registration
Instruct one of the pilots to use the telephony designator followed by at least the last 2 characters of the aircraft registration

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3
Q

For different runway actions when is a plane considered arriving and departing?

A

Touch and go is arriving until it touches the runway and then it is departing
Stop and go is arriving until it stops and the is considered departing
Low approach is arriving until it crosses the runway threshold or discontinues approach and is departing as soon as it crosses the threshold

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4
Q

When can you clear an aircraft for a low approach on a runway that is occupied

A

Specific instructions or restrictions are issued when required and traffic inforamtion is exchanged (tower passes traffic to aircraft and ground passes traffic to vehicle on the runway)

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5
Q

What conditions need to be met for a full readback of an IFR clearance to be omitted

A

Information is relayed electronically or an arrangement specifies otherwise

Or if all of the following are true:
No changes are made to the originally filed flight plan
THE clearance includes a SID
The clearance is issued by referrring to a machine printed strip or a video display of the flight plan (EXCDS)
No alternative instructions are included in the clearance
The contents of the clearance are apparently understood

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6
Q

What is the appropriate order for issuing an IFR clearance (PCSRASDST)

A

1) PRefix (aircraft id)
2) Clearance limit (ususally destination airport)
3) SID
4) Route
5) Altitude
6) Speed
7) Departure, enroute, approach or holding sintructions (possibly turns or climb out instructions)
8) Special instructions or info (SSR code)
9) Traffic information (rarely included as IFR clearances are often issued well in advance of takeoff)

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7
Q

Define minimum descent altitude

A

In a non precision approach the altitude below which descent is not to be made until the required visual reference necessary to continue the approach to land has been established

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8
Q

What is the difference between a precision approach and a non precision approach

A

A precision approach uses azimuth and glide path and a non precision approach only uses azimuth guidance

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9
Q

What are the standards necessary for an IFR controller to clear an aircraft for a visual approach

A

Ceiling 500’ above the minimun IFR altitudes and ground visibility at 3 sm or more at the destination airport

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10
Q

What do we expect an IFr pilot to do after a missed approach

A

We expect an IFR pilot to pullup and fly runway heading unless they request a published missed approach procedure to the instrument approach that is :
Acknowledged by the controller
Advertised on the automatic therminal information system

We issue necessary clearances to provide separation from other aircraft

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11
Q

What is the weather minima for an IFR pilot to do a contact approach

A

The pilot must have 1 mile flight visbility and a reasonable expectation of proceeding to the destination under these conditions

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12
Q

Transfer control of an IFR or CVFR aircraft to an adjacent sector or unit as follows

A

So that control transfer occurs at the time of crossing the control area boundary as estimated by the sector or unit relinquishing control
At a specific time
At a specific fix, altitude or location

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13
Q

What conditions need to be met for us to assume control of an IFR aircraft?

A

Ceilng is not less than 1000’ and visibility is not less than 3 mi at the airport
Pilot is cleared for an approach and intends to land
Aircraft is within the control zone and either:
-at a position agreed upon by you and the ACC when you requested control
-Established on the final leg and contro lis transferred according to an agreement

You have done one of the following:
Sighted the aircraft and are satisfied they will remain in sight and not return to IFR conditions
Obeserved the aircraft on a situational display on the final lef and determined the aircraft is operating in VMC
You ensure the aircaft remains in the control zone

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14
Q

Who do we contact wehn the ILS stops working

A

the TOCC
Other concerned aircraft
Other concerned ATS units/positions

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15
Q

In regards to wake turbulence, how are ultralights and non motorized aircaft dealt with

A

Ultralights are considered lights and any motoorized aircraft in front of a non motorized airacft (hangglider or balloon) is considered a heavy

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16
Q

Define wake turbulence and list the 5 sources

A

Turbulent are behind an aircraft in flight caused by:

Wing tip vortices
Rotor tip vortices
Jet blast
Prop wash
Rotor downwash

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17
Q

What are the 4 ways a pilot can avoid wake turbulence

A

Behind a heavier departure a departure could lift off before the roation point and climb above the flight path of the leading aircraft

Behind a heavier departure an arrival could touch dwon before the rotation point of the heavier aircraft

Behind a heavier arrival a departure could lift off after the touchdown point of the arriving aircraft

Behind a heavier arrival an arrival could remain above the flight path and touch down beyond the touchdown point of the leading aircraft

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18
Q

True or false, a pilot can waive wake turbulence following any activity of a medium weight class aircraft

A

True

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19
Q

True or false, a pilot can never waive wake turbulence following a heavy or super

A

False a pilot can waive wake turbulence if they are departing from the same point or further back than the prior departing heavy

20
Q

Issue a cautionary for helicopters that are within 2500’ of the actvie runway where heavier aircraft are operating an either

A

Operating entirely over the nonmanouevring area
Operating over the manouevring area and expected to avoid the vortex zone of the heavier aircraft

21
Q

Apply wake separation for air taxiing, hovering, or departing helicopters that are both:

A

Operating over the manouevring area within 2500’ of the runway
Expected to enter the vortex zone of a heavier aircraft

22
Q

Clear an Auroroa or Orion to perform an overhead break provided:

A

No light or medium aircraft is in the circuit
You do not clear a light or medium aircraft to fly through the area where the break was performed until 2 minutes after the break was completed.

23
Q

Define airport control service

A

A control service provided by airport contorl towers to all aircraft and vehicles operating in the manouvring area and all aircraft operating in the vicinity of the airport

24
Q

Who do we forward significant PIREPs to?

A

Disseminator position (if applicable)
Concerned aircraft
Appropriate FIC
Other concerned units or sectors

25
Q

Runway incursion avoidance strategies

A

Use hold points and wigwags, and always get a readback of hold short instructions
We use our situational awareness
Vigilance
Constant visual scanning
Monitoring for compliance
Our knowledge of the airport environment to help avoid incursions

26
Q

Define prevailing visibility

A

Max visibility value common to sectors comprising more than one half of the horizon circle

27
Q

When can we clear aircraft for multiple touch and goes on the same runway?

A

The pilot requests it and traffic permits

28
Q

What are the runway edge and certinline lighting procedures for departing aircraft

A

Edge and centerline lights will be on before the departure enters the runway and until at least 3 minutes after their departure.

29
Q

IFR clearance has a route dsignated by either C or F what do these signify

A

C is center stored and F denotes a full route clearance

30
Q

Towers are responsible for creating the (blank)(blank)(blank) of IFR departures, if this sequence is altered they must (blank)(blank) with the ACC

A

Secure departure sequence
Coordinate verbally

31
Q

IF there is potential conflicts between ground traffic on non manouevring areas what must we do?

A

Pass traffic on the apron if it is required

32
Q

What is most and least restrictive of the flow patterns?

A

Ground stop is the most restrictive
Then ground delay (plur or minus 5 minute intervals) Called GDP (ground delay procedure)
APREQ is the least restrictive (plus or minus 2 minute intervals and can be applied during any phase of flight)

33
Q

Define VOR, NDB, MAP, ILS, IAF, FAF, FACF

A

VHF omnidirectional range
Nondirection beacon
Missed appraoch point
Instrument landing system
Initial approach fix (Beginning of the ILS)
Final appraoch fix
Final approach course fix (centers appraoch for the FAF)

34
Q

Waht is the airborne separation standard for light aircraft following medium or heavy aircraft and for meidum aircraft following heavy

A

Light aircraft must have 4 miles spacing behind medium and 6 miles spacing behind heavy
Medium aircraft must ahve 5 mile spacing behind heavy

35
Q

IF the vortex zone is avoidable behind a medium or heavy, what is the wake turbulence separation standard

A

ISsue a caution for a light behind a medium
2 minutes and waivable for a light or medium behind a heavy

36
Q

IF thevortex zone is unavoidable what are the wake turbulence separation standards behind a medium or a heavy

A

3 minutes and waiveable behind a medium
3 minutes and non waivable behind a heavy

37
Q

When can we apply speed adjustment to IFR aircraft

A

When we have control of them and they are in the control zone
IF we request speed control from the IFR controller and it is approved and the aircraft is on our frequency already
If they are not on our frequency we can ask the IFR controller to apply speed control

38
Q

What are the rules for VFR controllers assigning altitude restrictions

A

Do not assign altitude restrictions that contravene terrain clearance requirements

39
Q

For a visual approach pullup of an IFR aircraft what do we do?

A

Contact the ACC
Issue instructions
Provide separation from other aircraft

40
Q

When could a pilot file an IFR flight intenerary as opposed to an IFR flight plan?

A

The flight is conducted in part or wholly outside the controlled airspace or
Facilities are inadequate to permit the communication of lfight plan information to an ATC unit, an FSS or to CARS

41
Q

When do we operate Runway ID lights during the day

A

When visibility is less than or equal to 5 miles
when ceiling is less than or equal to 1000’

42
Q

Issue a cautionary in these 3 situations

A

An indentified aircraft will have less than the appropriate wake turbulence separation from a leading heavier aircraft
a potential hazard exists due to wake turbulence
A manouevring aircraft or vehicle may be affected by jet blast or prop wash

43
Q

The ACC can clear an IFR arrival for a contact approach provided:

A

The pilot requests it
There is an approved functioning ILS, a published RNAV or a GNSS overlay approach for the airport
The pilot is informed:
-If the navaid approach is unavailable or unserviceable
-when the destination airport has published RNAV of a GNSS overlay appraoch as well as a ground based navaid approach
IF weather conditions are such that completion of a contact approach is in doubt, issue alternate or missed approach instructions
Maintain IFR separation minimum between an aircraft cleared for a contact approach and IFR and CVFR aircraft

The ACC must ensure the contact appraoch remains clear of airspace restricted by the minister for special aviation events related to air shows

44
Q

A pilot wishes to cancel their IFR clearance, what do we say to them?

A

We acknowledge the cancellation and ask if the wish to close their IFr flight plan
“Roger, do you wish to close your flight plan”

If they say yes we inform them alerting service is terminated
“Roger IFR flight plan closed and alerting service terminated”

IF they say no and are landing at an airport without ATS we tell them they must close their flight plan
“Roger an arrival report is required after landing”

If they are wanting to a land at an airport with ATS, coordinate appropriately

45
Q

List the critical phases of flight

A

Approach or departure under 500’ AGL
Do not talk to or turn aircraft in this phase of flight