Exam - Calcium Flashcards
what percentage of the body’s mineral mass does calcium represent
~40%
what percentage of the calcium in the body is contained by teeth and bone
99%
what is the remaining 1% used for
it is very important for signalling pathways
supplement label for calcium
helps prevent osteoporosis and develop strong bones
what is calcium predominantly obtained from
dairy products
how does calcium present in foods
as an insoluble salt
how does calcium become soluble
the stomach acid creates it - gets activated by HCl
what percentage of dietary calcium gets absorbed in the small intestine
25-30%
how does calcium get absorbed
saturable and carrier mediated active transport
what is calcium absorption mediated by
calcitriol
what is the secondary pathway for Ca2+ uptake
diffusion via paracellular route
percentages of the 3 ways calcium gets transported around the body
40% bound to albumin
10% found complexed with sulphate, phosphate etc
50% found in free ionized form
what do minerals make up in bone
hydroxyapatite (crystal like structure)
2 functions of calcium
bone
intra/extracellular
what is ionized calcium active and used for
blood clotting
skeletal muscle contraction
nerve potential
intracellular signalling pathways