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A&P I > Exam 5 - Upper Limb Part 1 - Oz First 100 slides > Flashcards

Exam 5 - Upper Limb Part 1 - Oz First 100 slides Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the upper limb

Designed for?

A

Designed for extensive motion

  • Manipulative appendage
  • Operate devices
  • Frequently injured because of its functions
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2
Q

proximal segment of the limb that overlaps thorax and back of the trunk, plus lower lateral neck

A

Shoulder:

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3
Q

first segment of the free upper limb

A

Arm:

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4
Q

elbow to wrist

A

Forearm:

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5
Q

composed of wrist, palm, dorsum of hand, and fingers

A

Hand:

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6
Q

Pectoral girdles AKA

A

shoulder girdles

attach the bones of the upper limbs to the axial skeleton (the pectoral girdle is a component of the appendicular skeleton)

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7
Q

Pectoral girdles (AKA shoulder girdles) attach the bones of the upper limbs to

A

the axial skeleton (the pectoral girdle is a component of the appendicular skeleton)

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8
Q

Human body has two pectoral girdles, each comprising a (2 things)?

They are held in place by?

A
  • Clavicle
  • Scapula

Pectoral girdles are held in place by muscle attachments

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9
Q

lies horizontally in the superior and anterior part of thorax superior to the first rib and articulates with the sternum and the scapula

A

The clavicle or collar bone

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10
Q

one of the most frequently broken bones in the body, transmits mechanical force from the upper limb to the trunk.

A

The clavicle

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11
Q

The clavicle transmits what?

A

mechanical force from the upper limb to the trunk.

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12
Q

S-shaped bone with two curves

Extends from sternum to scapula above 1st rib

Fracture site is junction of curves

Ligaments attached to clavicle stabilize its position

A

Clavicle

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13
Q

Clavicle

_-shaped bone with _ curves

Extends from _ to _ above 1st rib

Fracture site is…

_ attached to clavicle stabilize its position

A

S-shaped bone with two curves

Extends from sternum to scapula above 1st rib

Fracture site is junction of curves

Ligaments attached to clavicle stabilize its position

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14
Q

Clavicle

The two ends are the….

A

….acromial extremity and the sternal extremity

slide 8

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15
Q

Clavicle

The conoid tubercle is the site of attachment of the conoid portion of the _____ ligament, which is located between….

A

coracoclavicular

….the clavicle and the coracoid process of the scapula

slide 8

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16
Q

Look at slide 9 for muscle attachments to the clavicle

A

I have faith that you did your duty to your nation, your fellow soldiers, your family, and yourself.

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17
Q

The scapula or shoulder blade articulates with

A

the clavicle and the humerus

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18
Q

The scapulae articulate with other bones anteriorly, but are held in place _____ only by complex shoulder and back musculature.

A

posteriorly

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19
Q

The _____ is the lateral end of the spine, and is the high point of the shoulder.

(Tailors measure the length of the upper limb from this feature)

A

acromion

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20
Q

The _____ accepts the head of the humerus to form the glenohumeral joint

A

glenoid cavity

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21
Q

The thin edge of the scapula closer to the vertebral column is the ___ aka ____

A

medial border, AKA vertebral border

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22
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The thick edge closer to the arm is the ___ aka ____

A

lateral border, AKA axillary border

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23
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The medial and lateral borders join at the

A

inferior angle

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24
Q

SLIDE 12 AND 13 HAVE A PRETTY PICTURE WITH COLORS

A

SLIDE 12 / 13

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25
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The superior border joins the medial border at the

A

superior angle

SLIDE 13

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26
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The scapular notch (suprascapular notch) is an indentation along the _____ border through which the ____ nerve passes

A

The scapular notch (suprascapular notch) is an indentation along the superior border through which the suprascapular nerve passes

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27
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The coracoid process (like a crow’s beak) is a projection at the lateral end of the superior border to which tendons of muscles and ligaments attach… which ones?

A

(pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis, and biceps brachii) and ligaments (coracoacromial, conoid, and trapezoid) attach

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28
Q

is a projection at the lateral end of the superior border to which tendons of muscles (pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis, and biceps brachii) and ligaments (coracoacromial, conoid, and trapezoid) attach

A

The coracoid process (like a crow’s beak)

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29
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The _____ is a surface for attachment of the supraspinatus muscle of the shoulder

A

supraspinous fossa

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30
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The _____ is a surface for attachment of the infraspinatus muscle of the shoulder

A

infraspinous fossa

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31
Q

Landmarks of the scapula

The ______ on the ____ surface is a surface of attachment for the subscapularis muscle

A

subscapular fossa

anterior

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32
Q

The _____ traverses the scapular notch and converts it into a foramen

A

superior transverse scapular ligament

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33
Q

The ______ originates near the scapular notch, and frequently also extends to the superior transverse scapular ligament

A

omohyoid muscle

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34
Q

omohyoid muscle

FREQUENTLY EXTENDS TO?

A

superior transverse scapular ligament

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35
Q

The superior transverse scapular ligament traverses the _____ and converts it into a _____

A

scapular notch

foramen

LOOK AT SLIDE 18 FOR A CRIKEY OL PICTYA MATE

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36
Q

The superior transverse scapular ligament

On their way to the supraspinatus muscle, the _______ travels under the ligament, and the _______ goes over the ligament

A

suprascapular nerve

suprascapular artery

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37
Q

On their way to the _____, the suprascapular nerve travels under the ligament, and the suprascapular artery goes over the ligament

A

supraspinatus muscle

NERVE - UNDER

ARTERY - OVER

NAVY UNDER BRIDGE

ARMY OVER BRIDGE

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38
Q

The suprascapular nerve (under the tip of the probe) is seen passing under the ligament. It is sensory to the ____, and motor to the ___ AND ____.

A

It is sensory to the shoulder joint, and motor to the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles.

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39
Q

A navy travels under a bridge, and an army travels over a bridge.

A

The suprascapular nerve travels under the bridge, and the suprascapular artery travels over the bridge.

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40
Q

Suprascapular Neuritis

A form of entrapment neuropathy commonly caused by…

A

…compression of the suprascapular nerve at the back of the shoulder.

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41
Q

Suprascapular Neuritis

The suprascapular nerve is liable to injury as it travels through the ___ AND IS SPANNED BY

A

The nerve is liable to injury as it travels through the suprascapular notch where it is spanned by the transverse ligament

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42
Q

Suprascapular Neuritis

Types of injuries include

A

overuse of the arm and excessive traction.

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43
Q

Suprascapular Neuritis

Clinical Findings

Direct pressure over the nerve in the notch with the examining finger can….

Prolonged entrapment of the nerve leads to visible wasting of the ____ AND ____ MUSCLES.

A

….reproduce the local and referred pain down the arm

supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

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44
Q

Suprascapular Neuritis

Clinical Findings

Direct pressure over the nerve in the notch with the examining finger can….

Prolonged entrapment of the nerve leads to visible wasting of the ____ AND ____ MUSCLES.

A

….reproduce the local and referred pain down the arm

supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

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45
Q

Articulations of the pectoral girdle

Clavicle articulates with the ____ of the sternum at the _____

A

manubrium

sternoclavicular joint

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46
Q

Articulations of the pectoral girdle

Scapula

Articulates with the clavicle at the ______ joint

Articulates with the humerus at the….

A

acromioclavicular

….glenohumeral joint

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47
Q

Articulations of the pectoral girdle

Pectoral girdles do not articulate with the…

Pectoral girdles are held in place by ____

A

…vertebral column

muscle attachments

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48
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

Articulation between sternal end of clavicle with ____ of sternum and….

A

manubrium

…first costal cartilage

good pic on side 26

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49
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

IS WHAT TYPE OF JOINT?

THE ONLY TRUE ___ THAT CONNECTS PECTORAL GIRDLE WITH RIBCAGE

A

Synovial joint (it is a saddle joint)

The only true synovial joint that connects the pectoral girdle with the ribcage

good pic on side 26

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50
Q

Where the lateral (acromial) end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion process of the scapula

A

ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT

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51
Q

ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT

What articulates?

A

Where the lateral (acromial) end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion process of the scapula

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52
Q

Generally considered a joint of the upper limb

Synovial joint (a small synovial joint)

Site of shoulder separations

A

ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT

good pic on side 28

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53
Q

ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT

Stabilizing ligaments?

A

Stabilizing ligaments
Acromioclavicular ligament

Coracoclavicular ligaments:

  • —-Trapezoid ligament
  • —-Conoid ligament

good pic on side 28

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54
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

*The ___ ligament and the ____ ligament comprise the coracoclavicular ligament, which attaches to the ___ and ____ process of the scapula, providing stability to the acromioclavicular joint

A

*The conoid ligament and the trapezoid ligament comprise the coracoclavicular ligament, which attaches to the clavicle and the coracoid process of the scapula, providing stability to the acromioclavicular joint

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55
Q

*The conoid ligament and the trapezoid ligament comprise the

A

coracoclavicular ligament

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56
Q

coracoclavicular ligament

which attaches to the clavicle and the coracoid process of the scapula, providing stability to the….

A

acromioclavicular joint

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57
Q

coracoclavicular ligament

provides stability to ?

A

acromioclavicular joint

coraco = coracoid process

clavicular = clavicle

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58
Q

Upper Extremity

Each free upper limb comprises ___ bones

A

30 bones

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59
Q

Each free upper limb comprises 30 bones

which ones?

A

humerus within the arm

ulna & radius within the forearm

carpal bones within the wrist

metacarpal bones within the palm

phalanges in the fingers

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60
Q

Upper Extremity:

Joints (which ones)?

A

shoulder (glenohumeral)

elbow

wrist

metacarpophalangeal

interphalangeal

61
Q

is the longest and largest bone of the upper limb

A

Humerus

62
Q

It articulates proximally with the scapula and distally at the elbow with both the radius and ulna

A

Humerus

63
Q

Humerus

It articulates ____ with the scapula and ___ at the elbow with both the….

A

Humerus articulates

proximally with the scapula

distally at the elbow
(with both the radius and ulna)

64
Q

Humerus — Proximal End

The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the ___ at the ___

A

The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula at the glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint

65
Q

The head of the humerus articulates with the _____ of the scapula at the glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint

A

glenoid cavity

66
Q

Humerus — Proximal End

are sites of insertion for some of the muscles that move the humerus at the shoulder joint?

A

Greater and lesser tubercles

67
Q

The anatomical neck is located between the….

A

tubercles and the head

68
Q

is the site of attachment of the articular capsule?

A

anatomical neck

69
Q

contains the long head of the biceps brachii muscle

A

Intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove, also intertubercular groove)

70
Q

Surgical neck is distal to the ____, where the humerus is….

A

tubercles

…frequently broken

71
Q

Humerus — Proximal End

_______ in the middle of the shaft is the site of attachment of the deltoid muscle

A

Deltoid tuberosity

72
Q

is the site of attachment of the deltoid muscle

A

Deltoid tuberosity

73
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The distal end of the humerus is where projections of the humerus articulate with____…. to form what?

A

forearm bones to form the elbow joint

slides 37-41 for pics

74
Q

Humerus — Distal End

On the anterior surface is the sharp ______ on the shaft of the bone that ends in the lateral epicondyle

A

lateral supracondylar ridge

slides 37-41 for pics

75
Q

Humerus — Distal End

lateral supracondylar ridge:

is on what surface side?

ends in?

A

anterior surface

ends in the lateral epicondyle

slides 37-41 for pics

76
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The larger medial epicondyle is the termination of the

A

medial supracondylar ridge

slides 37-41 for pics

77
Q

medial supracondylar ridge what marks its termination or end?

A

medial epicondyle

slides 37-41 for pics

78
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The rounded capitulum is near the

A

lateral epicondyle

79
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The trochlea, with its indentation, is more ____ in position

A

medial

80
Q

Humerus — Distal End

Two anterior depressions in the bone receive parts of the radius and the ulna when the forearm is flexed at the elbow:

A

The shallow radial fossa lies above the capitulum, and contains part of the radius during flexion

The deep coronoid fossa located above the trochlea receives the ulnar coronoid process

81
Q

Humerus — Distal End

Two anterior depressions in the bone receive parts of the radius and the ulna when the forearm is flexed at the elbow:

A

shallow radial fossa

deep coronoid fossa

82
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The _____located above the trochlea receives the ulnar coronoid process

A

deep coronoid fossa

83
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The ______ lies above the capitulum, and contains part of the radius during flexion

A

shallow radial fossa

84
Q

Humerus — Distal End

The _____ is a large depression of the posterior humerus that receives the olecranon process of the ulna when the forearm is extended (straightened)

A

olecranon fossa

85
Q

olecranon fossa is anterior or posterior of humerus?

receives the ___ when the forearm is extended (straightened)

A

posterior

olecranon process

86
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

Most fractures of the proximal end of the humerus are fractures of the

A

surgical neck

87
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

One fragment is driven into the spongy bone of the other fragment

Tend to be stable, due to the impaction

Arm passively moveable with little pain

A

Impact fractures

88
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

Transverse fractures:

Transverse fractures to the body of the humerus frequently result from….

The pull of the ____ muscles carries the proximal fragment of the fractured humerus ____

A

….a direct blow to the arm

deltoid

laterally

89
Q

Impact fractures

(FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS)

describe features / characteristics…

A

One fragment is driven into the spongy bone of the other fragment

Tend to be stable, due to the impaction

Arm passively moveable with little pain

90
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

An _____ occurs when a ligament or tendon attached to a bone pulls away part of the bone (at any location—not just the humerus)

A

avulsion fracture

91
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

Avulsion fractures of the greater tubercle of the humerus cause …

A

…the tubercle to be pulled away

92
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

These are relatively common, and usually result from a fall either onto the ___ IN WHICH AGE GROUP?

A

point of the shoulder—the acromion—in middle aged and elderly, or the hand in younger people

93
Q

FRACTURES OF THE HUMERUS

Avulsion fractures (anywhere) are typically repaired by?

A

open reduction and fixation with a screw (or screws)

94
Q

Fractures of humerus at different locations may be associated with damage to particular nerves because the humerus is in direct contact with specific nerves at those locations.

Surgical neck :: ?

Shaft (radial groove) :: ?

Distal end :: ?

Medial epicondyle :: ?

A

Surgical neck :: axillary nerve

Shaft (radial groove) :: radial nerve

Distal end :: median nerve

Medial epicondyle :: ulnar nerve

95
Q

FX LOCATION :: ASSOCIATED NERVE?

Surgical neck :: ?

Shaft (radial groove) :: ?

Distal end :: ?

Medial epicondyle :: ?

A

Surgical neck :: axillary nerve

Shaft (radial groove) :: radial nerve

Distal end :: median nerve

Medial epicondyle :: ulnar nerve

96
Q

Forms medial border of forearm (little finger side)

Stabilizing forearm bone

A

Ulna

97
Q

Forms lateral border of forearm (thumb side)

Shorter, moveable forearm bone

A

Radius

98
Q

FUNNY BONE = WHICH NERVE?

A

ULNAR NERVE OF MEDIAL EPICONDYLE

99
Q

Ulna

Together, the olecranon and the coronoid process receive the…

They contribute to the formation of the _____, which is a large curved area that forms part of the elbow joint

A

…trochlea of the humerus

trochlear notch

100
Q

Ulna

On the lateral side of the ______ is the radial notch, which is a depression that receives the head of the radius

A

coronoid process

101
Q

Ulna

Just inferior to the coronoid process is the ulnar tuberosity, to which the
____ muscle attaches

A

brachialis muscle attaches

102
Q

Ulna

The head of the ulna is at its ____ end

A disc of fibrocartilage separates the wrist from the…

A

distal

…head of the ulna

103
Q

Ulna

A styloid process on the distal end is an attachment point for the ?

A

ulnar collateral ligament to the wrist

104
Q

Radius

The proximal end of the
radius has a disc-shaped head that articulates with both the _____ of the humerus and the ____ of the ulna

Inferior to the head is the constricted neck

A

capitulum

radial notch

105
Q

Radius

The _____ is a roughened area inferior to the neck that serves as a point of attachment for tendons of the biceps brachii muscle

A

radial tuberosity

106
Q

Radius

The radial styloid process is on the lateral side, and can be felt proximal to the thumb. It provides attachment for the _____ muscle in the vicinity, and the _____ ligament to the wrist

A

brachioradialis

radial collateral

107
Q

Radius

The ______is a broad, flat, fibrous connective tissue that joins the shafts of the radius and ulna

It also provides a site of attachment for…

A

interosseous membrane

…some tendons of deep skeletal muscles of the forearm

108
Q

Radius

Articulation of the head of the radius with the ulna’s radial notch is the

A

proximal radioulnar joint

109
Q

Radioulnar articulations

Distally, the head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius at the

A

distal radioulnar joint

110
Q

Dorsal tubercle of radius

The dorsal tubercle of the radius is a small prominence on the dorsal aspect of the distal end of the radius, lateral to the groove for the

A

extensor pollicis longus tendon

111
Q

Dorsal tubercle of radius

It serves as a trochlea (pulley) for the tendon
AKA

A

Lister’s tubercle

112
Q

Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges

A

BONES OF THE HAND

113
Q

Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges

Eight ____ bones bound together by ligaments comprise the wrist

Five ______ bones are contained in the palm of each hand

Each hand contains 14 _______:

  • Three in each finger
  • Two in each thumb
A

Eight carpal bones bound together by ligaments comprise the wrist

Five metacarpal bones are contained in the palm of each hand

Each hand contains 14 phalanges:

  • Three in each finger
  • Two in each thumb
114
Q

8 Carpal Bones (wrist)

Proximal row, lateral to medial
scaphoid - boat shaped
lunate - moon shaped
triquetrum - 3 corners
pisiform - pea shaped
Distal row, lateral to medial
trapezium - four sided
trapezoid - four sided
capitate - large head
hamate - hooked process
A

WELL DONE NERD

115
Q

Note that the ulna does not participate in the wrist joint.

The distal end of the radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint articulate with the proximal row of carpal bones, except for the ____.

A

pisiform

The pisiform acts primarily as a sesamoid bone, increasing the leverage of the flexor carpi ulnaris, and articulates with only the triquetrum.

116
Q

8 Carpal Bones (wrist)

LIST THEM ALL AND DESCRIBE THEIR SHAPES

A 
Proximal row, lateral to medial
scaphoid - boat shaped
lunate - moon shaped
triquetrum - 3 corners
pisiform - pea shaped
Distal row, lateral to medial
trapezium - four sided
trapezoid - four sided
capitate - large head
hamate - hooked process
117
Q

The pisiform acts primarily as a sesamoid bone, increasing the leverage of the ______, and articulates with only the _____.

A

The pisiform acts primarily as a sesamoid bone, increasing the leverage of the flexor carpi ulnaris, and articulates with only the triquetrum.

118
Q

Some

Lovers

Try

Positions

That

They

Can’t

Handle

A

Yes I’m talking about you!

But really the carpal bones of the hand

119
Q

5 total
Numbering: #1 proximal to thumb
Base, shaft, head
Knuckles (metacarpophalangeal joints)

A

Metacarpals

120
Q

14 total: each is called phalanx
Proximal, middle, distal on each finger, except thumb
Base, shaft, head

A

Phalanges

121
Q

The vertebral borders of the scapulae lie lateral to the

A

vertebral furrow

122
Q

The ____ is a large triangular shaped muscle of the upper and middle back

A

trapezius

123
Q

Another superficial muscle is the latissimus dorsi, which is inferior to the

A

trapezius

124
Q

The ______ is formed from the lateral border of the latissimus dorsi as its fibers travel toward its insertion on the arm

A

posterior axillary fold

125
Q

Another muscle that contributes to the posterior axillary fold and also inserts into the arm is the….

located where?

A

…teres major.

It is located near the inferior angle of the scapula

126
Q

____ muscle contributes to the rounded shape of the shoulder.

A

deltoid

127
Q

The _______ is the site of articulation of the clavicle with the acromion of the scapula

A

acromioclavicular articulation

128
Q

The _____ is the depression between the two sternal ends of the clavicles

A

jugular notch

129
Q

The _____ is the most superficial muscle of the anterior thoracic wall. It has a broad origin from the clavicle and sternum

The border of the pectoralis major forms the….

A

pectoralis major

….anterior axillary fold

130
Q

The serratus anterior muscle is on the _____ side of the thorax

A

anterolateral

131
Q

The ____ is the site where the limb joins the trunk

A

axilla

132
Q

The biceps brachii and triceps brachii are easily seen

A

OK… except on you fellas!

133
Q

The olecranon process in the elbow is the insertion site for…

The ______ of the humerus can be easily palpated

A

…all three heads of the triceps

lateral epicondyle

134
Q

The _______vein is commonly used for normal venipuncture

A

median cubital

135
Q

Elevation Depression
Retraction Protraction
UPward rotation

Movements of the scapula produced by muscles of the superficial layers of the back

A

starting on slide 76

136
Q

OVERVIEW OF UPPER LIMB MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS

Look at slides 80 through 83 for reference… he said he would not test on these pictures, but we need to be familiar with this stuff

A

Please do it!

137
Q

Look at slides 85 - 87 for pictures of arterial and venous distribution

A

DO IT or you are a bad apple!

138
Q

These are upper limb muscles that attach to the thoracic cage

Anteriorly (4) ?

Posteriorly (1) ?

A 
Comprise 
Anteriorly…
Pectoralis major 
Pectoralis minor 
Serratus anterior  
Subclavius  
Posteriorly: latissimus dorsi
139
Q

Pectoralis Major

Origion
Insertion
Action
Innervation

A

Origin: clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of ribs 2 – 5, or 2 – 6 (sometimes 1 – 7)

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus (AKA intertubercular groove) of humerus

Action: adducts and medially rotates humerus at the shoulder joint

Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerves

140
Q

Pectoralis Minor

Origion
Insertion
Action
Innervation

A

Origin: Ribs 2 – 5, or 3 – 5, or 2 - 4

Insertion: coracoid process (of scapula)

Action: abducts (protracts) scapula and rotates it downward; elevates ribs during forced inhalation when scapula is fixed

Innervation: medial pectoral nerve

141
Q

Serratus anterior

Origion
Insertion
Action
Innervation

A

Origin: superior eight or nine ribs

Insertion: vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula

Action: abducts scapula and rotates it upward; elevates ribs when scapula is fixed. Termed “boxer’s muscle” because it is important in horizontal arm movements such as punching and pushing

Innervation: long thoracic nerve

142
Q

Injury to the long thoracic nerve results in paralysis of the

A

serratus anterior muscle.

winged scapular

143
Q

When the arm is raised, the vertebral border and inferior angle of the scapula pull away from the thoracic wall and protrude outward, causing the medial border of the scapula to protrude. The arm can not be abducted beyond the horizontal position.

Because the scapula looks like a wing, this condition is called a winged scapula.

A

Long thoracic nerve injury

144
Q

Subclavius muscle

Origion
Insertion
Action
Innervation

A

Origin: first rib

Insertion: clavicle

Action: Depresses clavicle and moves it anteriorly. Helps stabilize pectoral girdle

Innervation: subclavian nerve (AKA nerve to the subclavius)

145
Q

Muscles of the back are arranged in several layers

_____ connect the upper limb to the vertebral column the intermediate layer is composed of muscles that are involved in respiration (sometimes called extrinsic muscles of the upper limb)

The deepest layers are muscles that….

A

Superficial layers

….extend the head and vertebral column, and produce rotation and lateral bending of the head, neck, and back

146
Q

Components

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae
Rhomboids (major and minor)

Act on the upper limb, even though they are located in the back

Generally receive their nerve supply from…

except for the…

A

Superficial back muscles

ventral rami of cervical nerves (except the trapezius receives its motor fibers from a cranial nerve (CN XI, the accessory nerve))

147
Q

Trapezius

Origion
Insertion
Action
Innervation

A

Origin: external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line (of occipital bone), nuchal ligament (ligamentum nuchae), and spinous processes of C7 - T12

Insertion: clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Action: superior fibers elevate scapula and extend head, middle fibers adduct (retract) scapula, inferior fibers depress scapula

Innervation: accessory nerve (CN XI)

148
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

Origion
Insertion
Action
Innervation

A

Origin: spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae (T7 – L5), crests of sacrum and ilium

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus (AKA intertubercular groove) of humerus

Action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus at shoulder joint, draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly, raises body toward arms during climbing

Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

149
Q

Where does the trapezius receive its motor fibers from?

A

CN XI, the accessory nerve

(unlike the other superficial back muscles i.e. Lats, levator scapulae, and rhomboids

A&P I (21 decks)

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