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A&P I > Exam 5 - Upper Limb Part 1 -JB- 101 - 149 Deck 1 > Flashcards

Exam 5 - Upper Limb Part 1 -JB- 101 - 149 Deck 1 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ extends from skull & vertebrae to clavicle & scapula

A

Trapezius

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2
Q

___ ___ extends from cervical vertebrae to scapula

A

Levator Scapulae

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3
Q

___ extends from thoracic vertebrae to vertebral border of scapula

A

Rhomboideus

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4
Q

Levator Scapulae:

Origin: superior __ or __ cervical vertebrae

Insertion: superior vertebral border of ___

A

4 or 5 cervical vertebrae

SCAPULA

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5
Q

Levator Scapulae:

Action: ___ scapula

Innervation: dorsal ___ nerve

A

Elevates

Dorsal SCAPULAR nerve

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6
Q

Rhomboid Major:

Origin: spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae __-__

Insertion: medial (vertebral) border of scapula inferior to the ___ ___

A

T2-T5

Scapular Spine

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7
Q

Action: elevates and adducts (retracts) scapula; stabilizes scapula (fixes scapula to thoracic wall)

A

Rhomboid Major

both R. Maj/Min…

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8
Q

Rhomboid Major:

Innervation: dorsal ___ nerve

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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9
Q

Rhomboid Minor:

Origin: spinous processes of __ and __ vertebrae

Insertion: medial (vertebral) border of scapula ___ to the scapular spine

A

C7 and T1

Superior

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10
Q

Action: elevates and adducts (retracts) scapula; stabilizes scapula (fixes scapula to thoracic wall)

A

Rhomboid Minor

both R. Maj/Min…

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11
Q

Rhomboid Minor:

Innervation: ___ scapular nerve

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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12
Q

A small triangular gap in the thick musculature of the back is a good place to examine posterior segments of the lungs using a stethoscope

It is known as…

A

Triangle of auscultation

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13
Q

Triangle of Auscultation is formed by:

Note: folding arms across the chest enlarges the auscultatory triangle

A

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi

Medial border of the scapula

Inferolateral border of the trapezius

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14
Q

These muscles form the ?

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi

Medial border of the scapula

Inferolateral border of the trapezius

A

Triangle of Auscultation

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15
Q

The shoulder consists of which four joints?

Which provide movement in multiple planes

A

Glenohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular
Scapulothoracic

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16
Q

The ball and socket joint of the shoulder is a mobile joint with a shallow ___ ___, unlike the hip which is a stable joint having a deep acetabular fossa

A

Glenoid Fossa

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17
Q

Overview of movements at the shoulder joint:

slides: 109-111

A

Flexion, Extension/ Hyperextension

Abduction/adduction

Circumduction

Lateral/Medial Rotation

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18
Q

_____ is a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

A

Circumduction

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19
Q

Rotation at any joint is a circular movement around the __ __ of the bone at that joint

A

Long axis

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20
Q

The large, round humeral head articulates with the relatively shallow ___ ___ of the scapula

A

Glenoid Cavity

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21
Q

The glenoid cavity accepts about 1/3 of the humeral head, which is held in the cavity by the tonus of the ___ ___

A

Rotator Cuff

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22
Q

The articular capsule is a loose fibrous capsule surrounds the ____ joint

A

Glenohumeral

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23
Q

The articular capsule is attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity, and to the anatomical neck of the ___

A

Humerus

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24
Q

There is an opening in the articular capsule between the tubercles of the humerus for passage of the tendon of the long head of the ___ ___

A

Biceps Brachii

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25
Q

Slides 114-116

A

Note the strengthening of the capsule through fusion of tendons of muscles of the rotator cuff to the capsule

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26
Q

The scapulohumeral muscles are the intrinsic shoulder muscles
They are the . . .

A 
Deltoid 
Supraspinatus 
Infraspinatus 
Teres minor 
Teres major 
Subscapularis
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27
Q

These are relatively short muscles that pass from the scapula to the humerus, and act on the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

A

Scapulohumeral muscles

28
Q

Origin: acromial extremity of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Insertion: ____ tuberosity of humerus

29
Q

Action: entire muscle abducts arm at shoulder joint, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm, posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm

30
Q

Deltoid-

Innervation: ____ nerve

A

Axillary nerve

31
Q

Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle (AKA greater tuberosity) of humerus

A

Supraspinatus

32
Q

Action: assists deltoid with initial stages of abducting arm at shoulder joint, and continues to act throughout abduction

A

Supraspinatus

33
Q

Supraspinatus-

Innervation: ____ nerve

A

Suprscapular Nerve

34
Q

Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

A

Infraspinatus

35
Q

Infraspinatus-
Action: laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint

Innervation: _____ nerve

A

Suprascapular Nerve

36
Q

Origin: middle lateral border of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

A

Teres Minor

37
Q

Teres Minor-
Action: laterally rotates and adducts arm at shoulder joint

Innervation: ___ nerve

A

Axillary Nerve

38
Q

Origin: inferior lateral border (angle) of scapula

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus (AKA intertubercular groove) of humerus

A

Teres Major

39
Q

Teres Major-
Action: adducts, medially rotates, and extends arm (dorsally) at shoulder joint

Innervation: __ ___ nerve

A

Lower Subscapular Nerve

40
Q

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

A

Subscapularis

41
Q

Action: medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Innervation: __ and __ ___ nerves

A

Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerves

42
Q

The rotator cuff is made up of four muscles and their tendons:

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

43
Q

Rotator cuff muscles originate from the ____, and together form a single tendon unit as they combine to form a “cuff” over the head of the humerus (upper end of the arm)

44
Q

The cuff generally inserts on the greater tuberosity of the humerus (the ____ inserts on the lesser tuberosity)

A

Subscapularis

45
Q

The rotator cuff helps to lift and rotate the arm, and to stabilize the ball of the shoulder within the joint

All the muscles except the ____ are rotators of the humerus

A

Supraspinatus

46
Q

Rotator Cuff

slides 128-132

A

Cliff Claven would proud

47
Q

The coracoacromial ligament spans the coracoacromial arch, between the ___ and ___ ___ of the scapula, forming an arch that prevents the superior displacement of the head of the humerus from the glenoid cavity of the scapula

A

Acromion and Coracoid Process

48
Q

The tendon of the supraspinatus is separated from the coracoacromial ligament, acromion, and deltoid by the ___ ___.

A

Subacromial Bursa

49
Q

When this bursa is inflamed (subacromial bursitis), abduction of the arm is extremely painful during the arc of 50 to 130º. This is painful arc syndrome.

A

Subacromial Bursa

50
Q

The ___ (armpit) is the pyramidal space inferior to the glenohumeral joint and superior to the axillary fascia at the junction of the arm and thorax

The ____ provides a passageway for vessels and nerves to reach the upper limb

51
Q

The axillary artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib as the continuation of the ____ ___. It becomes the brachial artery when it passes the inferior border of the __ __ (it generally reaches the humerus at that point).

A

Subclavian Artery

Teres Major

52
Q

The ___ ___ divides the axillary artery into three parts, identified 1, 2, and 3. (slide 140)

Fortuitously, the number of each part is also the number of branches of the axillary artery in that part

A

Pectoralis Minor

slide 140

53
Q

Many arterial ____ occur around the scapula

The ____ make collateral circulation possible, which provides alternate routes in the event of injury, stenosis, or ligation of vessels

A

Anastamoses

54
Q

The axillary vein lies on the ___ side of the axillary artery. It is formed by the union of the ___ veins and the ___ vein at the inferior border of the teres major

A

Medial side

Brachial veins and Basilic veins

55
Q

Anterior scalene syndrome (AKA scalenus anterior syndrome, scalene entrapment syndrome) is a form of ___ ___ ___

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

56
Q

Anterior scalene syndrome (AKA scalenus anterior syndrome, scalene entrapment syndrome) is a form of thoracic outlet syndrome, which is caused by compression of the brachial plexus and brachial vessels in the root of the neck, producing a mixture of nerve compression symptoms in the arm and shoulder including pain, pins and needles, numbness, weakness, and circulation changes (sweating, blueness, blotchiness). Anterior scalene syndrome is a fairly rare form of thoracic outlet syndrome wherein the ___ ___ and vessels are trapped between the anterior and middle scalene muscles (similar to piriformis syndrome in the buttock).

A

Brachial Plexus

57
Q

A four-sided space associated with the posterior axilla:

A

Quadrangular Space

58
Q

Quadrangular space bordes are:

A

superiorly: inferior border of teres minor
inferiorly: superior border of teres major
medially: long head of triceps
laterally: surgical neck of humerus

59
Q

The quadrangular space transmits (contains) the…

A

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Posterior circumflex humeral vein (not shown on the accompanying illustration) slide 148

60
Q

At the indicated locations (slide 148) the axillary nerve is accompanied by the ___ ___ ___ ___, and the radial nerve is accompanied by the deep brachial artery

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

61
Q

Axillary nerve wraps around the surgical neck of the ___

A

Humerus

slide 148

62
Q

Radial nerve wraps around the shaft of the ____

A

Humerus

slide 148

63
Q

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi

Medial border of the scapula

Inferolateral border of the trapezius

A

Triangle of auscultation

64
Q

Triangle of auscultation

A

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi

Medial border of the scapula

Inferolateral border of the trapezius

65
Q

All the muscles except the _____ are rotators of the humerus

A

supraspinatus

66
Q

At the indicated locations, the axillary nerve is accompanied by the posterior circumflex humeral artery, and the radial nerve is accompanied by the deep brachial artery

A&P I (21 decks)

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