Exam 4 - 3/9

Question 1

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

_________ - a genetic absence of androgen receptors which results in insensitivity to androgens

Answer 1

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 2

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome - a genetic absence of androgen receptors which results in _________ to androgens

Answer 2

insensitivity

Question 3

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Internal sex organ development is suppressed by _________ inhibiting hormone

Answer 3

Müllerian

Question 4

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Insensitivity to androgens - the _________ do not descend and the external genitals develop as feminine (vagina but no _________ or ovaries)

Answer 4

• testes

- uterus

Question 5

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Insensitivity to androgens - the testes do not descend and the _________ genitals develop as feminine (_________ but no uterus or ovaries)

Answer 5

• external

- vagina

Question 6

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Androgen insensitive individuals tend to have well-developed _________ and a flawless _________ – often become female fashion models

Answer 6

• breasts

- complexion

Question 7

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

Deficiencies in conversion of testosterone to _________

Answer 7

dihydrotestosterone

Question 8

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

_________ masculinizes external genitalia (penis and scrotum) before birth

Answer 8

Dihydrotestosterone

Question 9

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

Dihydrotestosterone masculinizes external genitalia (_________ and _________) before birth

Answer 9

• penis

- scrotum

Question 10

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

_________ masculinizes internal genitalia (vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles) before birth

Answer 10

Testosterone

Question 11

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

Testosterone masculinizes internal genitalia (_________, prostate, _________) before birth

Answer 11

• vas deferens

- seminal vesicles

Question 12

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

• At birth appear to be _________ based on external sex organs
• Change sex at _________

Answer 12

• female

- puberty

Question 13

Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Deficiency in ___-hydroxysteroid (enzyme) which converts testosterone to _________ .

Answer 13

• 17α

- dihydrotestosterone

Question 14

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in 17α-hydroxysteroid (enzyme) which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

-Testosterone surge at puberty may partially/fully produce _________ sexual characteristics

Answer 14

-male

Question 15

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in ___-reductase (enzyme)

-A _________ defect

Answer 15

• 5α

- genetic

Question 16

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in 5α-reductase (enzyme)

-Generally appear to be _________

Answer 16

females

Question 17

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in 5α-reductase (enzyme)

At puberty, a penis and _________ grow
May be only _________ developed

Answer 17

• scrotum

- partially

Question 18

• Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

- Excessive _________ during fetal development cause masculinization of external genitals of _________ fetuses

Answer 18

• androgens

- female

Question 19

_________ Pseudohermaphrodites-

-Excessive androgens during fetal development cause masculinization of _________ genitals of female fetuses

Answer 19

• Female

- external

Question 20

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

_________ organs are female – no müllerian inhibiting hormone which suppresses development of _________ internal genitalia

Answer 20

• Internal

- female

Question 21

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

Internal organs are female – no _________ hormone which suppresses development of female _________ genitalia

Answer 21

• müllerian inhibiting

- internal

Question 22

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

_________ can be as large as a newborn’s penis

Answer 22

Clitoris

Question 23

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

Labia partially or completely _________

Answer 23

fused

Question 24

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

_________ -

–One example of female pseudohermaphrodites caused by excessive androgen production

Answer 24

-Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Question 25

- Female Pseudohermaphrodites- - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) --One example of female pseudohermaphrodites caused by excessive _________ production

Answer 25

androgen

Question 26

- Female Pseudohermaphrodites- - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) _________ - adrenal glands produce large amounts of androgens during fetal development and after birth

Answer 26

Enzyme defect

Question 27

- Female Pseudohermaphrodites- - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) Enzyme defect - adrenal glands produce large amounts of androgens during _________ development and after _________

Answer 27

- fetal | - birth

Question 28

- Female Pseudohermaphrodites- - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) _________ hormone levels can be normalized by corticosteroids

Answer 28

Postnatal

Question 29

XXXXXXXXXX Pseudohermaphrodites – most common - _________ internal and/or external organs - Gonads consistent with _________ sex

Answer 29

- Ambiguous | - chromosomal

Question 30

XXXXXXXXXX Pseudohermaphrodites – most common - Ambiguous internal and/or external _________ - _________ consistent with chromosomal sex

Answer 30

- organs | - Gonads

Question 31

XXXXXXXXXX Male pseudohermaphrodites - Deficiency in 17α-hydroxysteroid – little _________ - Deficiency in 5α-reductase - little _________ - Androgen insensitivity syndrome – absence of _________ receptors - -Androgen insensitivity syndrome one in _________ births

Answer 31

- dihydrotestosterone - dihydrotestosterone - androgen - 13,000

Question 32

XXXXXXXXXX Female pseudohermaphrodites - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia – adrenal glands produce _________ amounts of androgen - - _________ congenital adrenal hyperplasia one in 13,000 births

Answer 32

- large | - Classical

Question 33

XXXXXXXXXX Female pseudohermaphrodites - _________ adrenal hyperplasia – adrenal glands produce large amounts of _________ - -Classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia one in 13,000 births

Answer 33

- Congenital | - androgen

Question 34

_________ theory -accept gender based on how they are raised even if raised as gender opposite their _________ sex

Answer 34

- “gender neutral at birth” | - chromosomal

Question 35

“gender neutral at birth” theory -accept gender based on how they are raised even if raised as gender _________ their chromosomal sex

Answer 35

-opposite

Question 36

“gender neutral at birth” theory -rearing has a greater influence than chromosomal sex or _________ exposure

Answer 36

-hormonal

Question 37

_________ theory -Individuals with ambiguous genitals are raised as the sex that most closely matches the genitals

Answer 37

Sexuality at birth

Question 38

Sexuality at birth theory -Individuals with ambiguous genitals are raised as the sex that most closely matches the _________

Answer 38

genitals

Question 39

Sexuality at birth theory External genitalia reflect the influence of prenatal exposure to _________

Answer 39

hormones

Question 40

_________ theory Individuals are likely to accept this gender

Answer 40

Sexuality at birth

Question 41

Sexuality at birth theory Some individuals assigned a gender have reverted to their _________ gender later in life

Answer 41

chromosomal

Question 42

Women born with congenital adrenal hyperplasia - _________ as children - higher _________ ability - a typically masculine ability

Answer 42

- tomboyish | - spatial

Question 43

_________ - spatial tasks

Answer 43

Males

Question 44

Androgen-insensitive males are typically _________ in behavior and cognitive abilities

Answer 44

feminine

Question 45

- LAST CARD - _________- Verbal ability

Answer 45

Females