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Biopsychology 316 > Exam 4 - 3/9 > Flashcards

Exam 4 - 3/9 Flashcards

1
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

_________ - a genetic absence of androgen receptors which results in insensitivity to androgens

A

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

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2
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome - a genetic absence of androgen receptors which results in _________ to androgens

A

insensitivity

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3
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Internal sex organ development is suppressed by _________ inhibiting hormone

A

Müllerian

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4
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Insensitivity to androgens - the _________ do not descend and the external genitals develop as feminine (vagina but no _________ or ovaries)

A
  • testes

- uterus

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5
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Insensitivity to androgens - the testes do not descend and the _________ genitals develop as feminine (_________ but no uterus or ovaries)

A
  • external

- vagina

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6
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Androgen insensitivity syndrome -

Androgen insensitive individuals tend to have well-developed _________ and a flawless _________ – often become female fashion models

A
  • breasts

- complexion

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7
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

Deficiencies in conversion of testosterone to _________

A

dihydrotestosterone

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8
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

_________ masculinizes external genitalia (penis and scrotum) before birth

A

Dihydrotestosterone

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9
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

Dihydrotestosterone masculinizes external genitalia (_________ and _________) before birth

A
  • penis

- scrotum

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10
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

_________ masculinizes internal genitalia (vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles) before birth

A

Testosterone

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11
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

Testosterone masculinizes internal genitalia (_________, prostate, _________) before birth

A
  • vas deferens

- seminal vesicles

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12
Q

-Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Second type of male pseudohermaphroditism-

  • At birth appear to be _________ based on external sex organs
  • Change sex at _________
A
  • female

- puberty

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13
Q

Male pseudohermaphroditism-

Deficiency in ___-hydroxysteroid (enzyme) which converts testosterone to _________ .

A
  • 17α

- dihydrotestosterone

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14
Q

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in 17α-hydroxysteroid (enzyme) which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

-Testosterone surge at puberty may partially/fully produce _________ sexual characteristics

A

-male

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15
Q

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in ___-reductase (enzyme)

-A _________ defect

A
  • 5α

- genetic

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16
Q

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in 5α-reductase (enzyme)

-Generally appear to be _________

A

females

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17
Q

Male pseudohermaphroditism -

Deficiency in 5α-reductase (enzyme)

At puberty, a penis and _________ grow
May be only _________ developed

A
  • scrotum

- partially

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18
Q
  • Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

- Excessive _________ during fetal development cause masculinization of external genitals of _________ fetuses

A
  • androgens

- female

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19
Q

_________ Pseudohermaphrodites-

-Excessive androgens during fetal development cause masculinization of _________ genitals of female fetuses

A
  • Female

- external

20
Q

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

_________ organs are female – no müllerian inhibiting hormone which suppresses development of _________ internal genitalia

A
  • Internal

- female

21
Q

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

Internal organs are female – no _________ hormone which suppresses development of female _________ genitalia

A
  • müllerian inhibiting

- internal

22
Q

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

_________ can be as large as a newborn’s penis

A

Clitoris

23
Q

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

Labia partially or completely _________

A

fused

24
Q

-Female Pseudohermaphrodites-

_________ -

–One example of female pseudohermaphrodites caused by excessive androgen production

A

-Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

25
Q
  • Female Pseudohermaphrodites-
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

–One example of female pseudohermaphrodites caused by excessive _________ production

A

androgen

26
Q
  • Female Pseudohermaphrodites-
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

_________ - adrenal glands produce large amounts of androgens during fetal development and after birth

A

Enzyme defect

27
Q
  • Female Pseudohermaphrodites-
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Enzyme defect - adrenal glands produce large amounts of androgens during _________ development and after _________

A
  • fetal

- birth

28
Q
  • Female Pseudohermaphrodites-
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

_________ hormone levels can be normalized by corticosteroids

A

Postnatal

29
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Pseudohermaphrodites – most common

  • _________ internal and/or external organs
  • Gonads consistent with _________ sex
A
  • Ambiguous

- chromosomal

30
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Pseudohermaphrodites – most common

  • Ambiguous internal and/or external _________
  • _________ consistent with chromosomal sex
A
  • organs

- Gonads

31
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Male pseudohermaphrodites

  • Deficiency in 17α-hydroxysteroid – little _________
  • Deficiency in 5α-reductase - little _________
  • Androgen insensitivity syndrome – absence of _________ receptors
  • -Androgen insensitivity syndrome one in _________ births
A
  • dihydrotestosterone
  • dihydrotestosterone
  • androgen
  • 13,000
32
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Female pseudohermaphrodites

  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia – adrenal glands produce _________ amounts of androgen
    • _________ congenital adrenal hyperplasia one in 13,000 births
A
  • large

- Classical

33
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Female pseudohermaphrodites

  • _________ adrenal hyperplasia – adrenal glands produce large amounts of _________
  • -Classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia one in 13,000 births
A
  • Congenital

- androgen

34
Q

_________ theory

-accept gender based on how they are raised even if raised as gender opposite their _________ sex

A
  • “gender neutral at birth”

- chromosomal

35
Q

“gender neutral at birth” theory

-accept gender based on how they are raised even if raised as gender _________ their chromosomal sex

A

-opposite

36
Q

“gender neutral at birth” theory

-rearing has a greater influence than chromosomal sex or _________ exposure

A

-hormonal

37
Q

_________ theory

-Individuals with ambiguous genitals are raised as the sex that most closely matches the genitals

A

Sexuality at birth

38
Q

Sexuality at birth theory

-Individuals with ambiguous genitals are raised as the sex that most closely matches the _________

A

genitals

39
Q

Sexuality at birth theory

External genitalia reflect the influence of prenatal exposure to _________

A

hormones

40
Q

_________ theory

Individuals are likely to accept this gender

A

Sexuality at birth

41
Q

Sexuality at birth theory

Some individuals assigned a gender have reverted to their _________ gender later in life

A

chromosomal

42
Q

Women born with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

  • _________ as children
  • higher _________ ability - a typically masculine ability
A
  • tomboyish

- spatial

43
Q

_________ - spatial tasks

A

Males

44
Q

Androgen-insensitive males are typically _________ in behavior and cognitive abilities

A

feminine

45
Q
  • LAST CARD -

_________- Verbal ability

A

Females

Biopsychology 316 (14 decks)

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