exam 3 review questions Flashcards

1
Q

which are the only cells in the eye capable of firing AP?

A

ganglion cells

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2
Q

the eye is designed to best detect?

A

differences in light intensity

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3
Q

if you injected radioactive amino acids into the cell body of a neuron in layer 5 of the RIGHT LGN, you would expect to find the label in which layer of the striate cortex? (anterograde transport)

A

layer IVc- beta of right hemisphere

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4
Q

you are recording from a cell in the cortex that responds to color differences. what kind of cell could it be?

A

a blob cell

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5
Q

on a moonless night, one can see a dim star best with?

A

peripheral retina

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6
Q

layers 1 and 2 of your right LGN are destroyed. you would have problems seeing?

A

fast-moving stimuli in left visual field

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7
Q

when light strikes a photopigment

A

a second messenger system is activated that decreases levels of cGMP

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8
Q

T or F: cutting the right optic tract would cause loss of vision only in left eye

A

false - would lose left visual hemifield

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9
Q
which of the following is FALSE
peripheral retina has...
- more cones than rods 
- more receptor cells per ganglion cell 
- poor detailed vision 
- two of the above
A

more cones than rods

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10
Q

T or F: damage to left optic nerve would result in blindness in right visual hemifield

A

false - total blindness in left eye

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11
Q

properties of retinotopy include all of the following except..

A

point of light activates one ganglion cells

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12
Q

most nociceptors are

A

polymodal

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13
Q

which of the following would increase pain…

  • inject naloxone
  • stimulate raphe nuclei
  • opiates
A

inject naloxone

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14
Q

the cause of phantom limb is thought to involve

A

a rewiring of neuronal circuitry in primary somatosensory cortex

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15
Q

T or F: temperature info follows the same pathway as touch

A

FALSE

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16
Q

the pathway followed by information is…

A

spinothalamic tract to VP nucleus of thalamus to S1

17
Q

T or F: sensory information is modified in the brain stem and thalamus

A

true

18
Q

which of the following about the primary somatosensory cortex is FALSE?

  • responsive to visual info
  • electrical stimulation causes sensation
  • lesions impair somatic sensation
  • also called 3b
A

responsive to visual info also

19
Q

if the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) couldn’t remove Ca2+ from the muscle cytoplasm …

A

you would have a prolonged muscle contraction

20
Q

without inhibitory interneurons you…

A

would have NO reciprocal inhibition

21
Q

which of the following is FALSE about white muscle fibers?

A

fatigue slowly

22
Q

T or F: LMN are distributed according to skeletal muscle density

A

true

23
Q

which of the following is FALSE:

  • motor units vary in size
  • small motor neurons are recruited first
  • gamma motor neurons innervate extrafusal fibers
  • small neurons are more easily excited
A

gamma motor neurons innervate extrafusal fibers

24
Q

what is the function of the reverse myotatic reflex?

A

keeps proper tension and prevents muscle overload

25
Q

T or F: the lateral pathways involved in voluntary control of distal musculature and are under direct cortical control

A

true

26
Q

the effect of corticospinal tract lesion is?

A

deficit in a fractioned movement of arms and hands & paralysis on contralateral side

27
Q

which of the following is FALSE about movement coding in M1?

A

motor map cannot be changed

28
Q

what is the primary role of the cerebellum?

A

control sequence and timing of muscle action

29
Q

why is M1 thought to be the primary motor cortex?

A

ALL OF THE ABOVE

  • heavily connected to SMA
  • lowest threshold elicitation of movement by electrical stimulation
  • strong connections to motor neurons
30
Q

which of the following is mismatched?

  • strategy: association areas of neocortex, basal ganglia
  • execution: brain stem, spinal cord
  • tactics: motor cortex, cerebellum
  • ventromedial pathways: under cortical control
A

ventromedial pathways