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Infectious Agents II > Exam 3: Rabies > Flashcards

Exam 3: Rabies Flashcards

1
Q

What is rabies virus?

A

A Lyssavirus that has linear single-stranded RNA of negative sense

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2
Q

What is the genome of rabies?

A

12 kilobases in size and codes 5 proteins

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3
Q

What is the rabies virus particle like?

A

Helical and enveloped

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4
Q

What is the rabies RR transcriptase carried by?

A

Virus

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5
Q

Where does rabies replicate?

A

In cytoplasm of host neuronal cell

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6
Q

Is rabies a cytocidal virus?

A

No, it is a persistent virus that disrupts neuronal function

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7
Q

How many proteins does rabies virus code for?

A

5

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8
Q

What species can acquire sylavtic rabies?

A 
Foxes (North East and West Texas)
Skunks (Midwest)
Raccoons (GA and FL, North East)
Bats (pan-continental)
Coyotes (Southwest Texas)
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9
Q

What species can acquire street rabies?

A

Dogs and cats, but there are no street rabies in the US due to vaccines

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10
Q

What species can acquire fixed viruses?

A

Cell, egg, and lab animal cultures

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11
Q

What animals are more susceptible to rabies?

A

Warm blooded animals

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12
Q

What animals are resistant to rabies?

A

Birds
Guinea pigs
Opossums

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13
Q

What are the serotypes of vesicular stomatitis virus?

A

Indiana and New Jersey serotypes

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14
Q

What are the serotypes of vesicular stomatitis virus named after?

A

States they haven’t been found in

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15
Q

What is the disease associated with Rabies?

A

Zoonotic, CNS

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16
Q

What is the disease associated with Mokola?

A

Nigerian Shrews, CNS

17
Q

What is the disease associated with Lagos?

A

Nigerian bats, CNS

18
Q

What is the disease associated with EBLV 1 and 2?

A

European bats and humans, CNS

19
Q

What is the disease associated with Duvenhage?

A

Bats, CNS

20
Q

What is the disease associated with Vesicular Stomatitis Virus?

A

Vesicular Stomatitis, Indiana and NJ serotypes

21
Q

What is the disease associated with Piry?

A

Vesicular disease

22
Q

What is the disease associated with Chandipura?

A

Vesicular disease

23
Q

What is the disease associated with Bovine Ephemeral Fever?

A

African, Asian, and Australian ruminants, Fever

24
Q

What is the disease associated with Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus?

A

European salmonids

25
Q

What is the disease associated with Spring Viremia?

A

Abd. Dropsy of Carp

26
Q

What is the disease associated with Infectious Hematopoetic Necrosis Virus?

A

Salmonids

27
Q

What is the disease associated with Red Disease of Pike?

A

Hemorrhagic

28
Q

What is the disease associated with numerous plant and insect viruses?

A

Yellow necrosis of lettuce, Sigma virus of Drosophilia

29
Q

What states have the highest incidences of rabies? Why?

A

Rhode Island and Connecticut

Raccoons

30
Q

What is the gross pathogenesis of rabies?

A

Virus inoculated by bite of infected animal
Attachment, penetration, and uncoating occur locally in myocytes
Transmit to nerve cell occurs at NMJ and sensory endings of the PNS
Viral establishment in PNS occurs
Centripetal migration up PNS to dorsal root ganglion occurs against axoplasmic transports- it is unknown how.
Virus enters spinal cord and goes up to brain via cell to cell spread (happens fast). It localizes in soma of neurons. Hippocampus, purkinje fibers and brain stem of cerebellum most heavily affected
Centrifugal descent down PNS to primarily retina, cornea, salivary glands, nasal mucosa, hair and taste buds. Virus released only at nerve endings
Transmission is by bites, aerosols, and transplants. Death results from neural respiratory and cardiac arrest

31
Q

Where does transmission of rabies virus to a nerve cell occur?

A

Acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction

32
Q

What is the hematogenous route to CNS with rabies virus?

A

Via viremia that can infect endothelium, and leukoctyes, passive transport through permeable areas can occur. Choroid plexus- passage through and replication in ependydmal cells

33
Q

What is the neural pathways route to CNS with rabies virus?

A

Axons, schwann cells, perineural lymphatics, and endoneural spaces

34
Q

What is the olfactory route to CNS with rabies virus?

A

Cranial nerve penetrates the cribiform plate, rare for rabies, common for herpes simplex 1 virus

35
Q

Describe negri bodies

A

Negri bodies affect the whole cell and disrupts cellular function but it does not kill the cell. This is the only virus known which through this process, changes the functions of host cell neurons in order to cause transmission to a new host- drives host crazy to want to bite others.
They are ribonuclear proteins made by the rabies virus which goes into cytoplasm of neuronal cells

Infectious Agents II (25 decks)

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