Exam 2: Picornaviridae

Question 1

What are the virion properties of the family Picornaviridae?

Answer 1

Non-enveloped virions
Virions rounded and smooth in outline
Diameter 27 nm
Icosahedral symmetry
Genome: single molecule of linear positive RNA
There are difference on their stability to low pH

Question 2

What are some of the genera in the Picornaviridae family?

Answer 2

Aphthovirus
Avihepatovirus
Cardiovirus
Entervirus
Teschovirus
Tremovirus

Question 3

What genera is Foot and Mouth Disease?

Answer 3

Aphthovirus

Question 4

What are signs of FMD?

Answer 4

Fever
Loss of appetite
Depression
Marked drop in milk production
Drooling of saliva

Question 5

Describe FMD Aftosa

Answer 5

Picornaviridae, Aphtovirus
7 distinct serotypes
Over 60 subtypes
No cross protection (problems with vaccination)

Question 6

What is FMD Aftos inactivated at?

Answer 6

pH below 6.5 and above 11

Question 7

What does FMD Aftosa survive in?

Answer 7

Milk
Milk products
Bone marrow
Lymph glands

Question 8

What are the 7 distinct serotypes of FMD?

Answer 8

A
O
C
SAT-1
SAT-2
SAT-3
Asia 1

Question 9

How is FMD transmitted via respiratory aerosols?

Answer 9

Proper temperature and humidity

Survives 1-2 days in human respiratory tract

Question 10

How is FMD transmitted via direct contact?

Answer 10

Ingestion of infected food or animal parts

Artificial insemination biologicals, hormones

Question 11

How is FMD transmitted via indirect contact?

Answer 11

Fomites

Question 12

What is the morbidity associated with FMD?

Answer 12

100% in susceptible animal populations

Question 13

What is the mortality associated with FMD?

Answer 13

Less than 1%

Question 14

What are clinical signs of FMD in cattle?

Answer 14

Oral lesions

Question 15

What are the clinical signs of FMD in pigs?

Answer 15

Hoof lesions

Question 16

What is the best indicator of FMD?

Answer 16

Cattle

Question 17

What is the best amplifier of FMD?

Answer 17

Pigs

Question 18

What species are silent shedders of FMD?

Answer 18

Sheep

Question 19

What virus is associated with swine vesicular disease?

Answer 19

Enterovirus

Question 20

What species are susceptible to FMD?

Answer 20

Cattle
Sheep
Swine

Question 21

What species are susceptible to swine vesicular disease?

Answer 21

Swine

Question 22

What species are susceptible to vesicular stomatitis?

Answer 22

Cattle
Sheep
Swine
Horse

Question 23

What species are susceptible to vesicular exanthema of swine?

Answer 23

Swine

Horse

Question 24

What can wildlife act as for FMD?

Answer 24

Reservoirs

Question 25

What are the diagnostic samples for FMD?

Answer 25

Vesicular epithelium | Vesicular fluid

Question 26

What is the most common and efficient method of diagnostic testing for FMD?

Answer 26

RT-PCR

Question 27

What is the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) a cooperative effort between?

Answer 27

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) National Institute of Food Agriculture American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics (AAAVLD)

Question 28

What kind of problem may FMD and other vesicular diseases be?

Answer 28

Economical and trade problems

Question 29

What is necessary for vesicular disease?

Answer 29

Diagnostic laboratory

Question 30

What should be done immediately upon diagnosis or suspicion of FMD?

Answer 30

It should be reported

Question 31

What does swine vesicular disease cause?

Answer 31

Lameness

Question 32

What genera is Equine Rhinovirus 1?

Answer 32

Aphthovirus

Question 33

What are the signs associated with Equine Rhinovirus 1?

Answer 33

Severe systemic and respiratory signs

Question 34

What genera is avian encephalomyelitis?

Answer 34

Tremovirus

Question 35

What kind of disease is avian encephalomyelitis?

Answer 35

Neurological

Question 36

What happens to an unprotected bird with avian encephalomyelitis?

Answer 36

Layer: Drop in egg production Egg : Virus transmitted through egg Chick: AE clinical signs at 1 to 6 days of age Horizontal transmission leads to AE clinical signs in chicks 3 to 4 weeks

Question 37

What is the genera associated with encephalomyocarditis?

Answer 37

Cardiovirus

Question 38

What are the natural hosts of encephalomyocarditis?

Answer 38

Rodents

Question 39

What is porcine polioencephalomyelitis also known as?

Answer 39

Teschen/Talfan disease

Question 40

What genera is associate with porcine polioencephalomyelitis?

Answer 40

Teschovirus

Question 41

What genera is duck viral hepatitis?

Answer 41

Avihepatovirus

Question 42

What is the mortality of duck viral hepatitis?

Answer 42

Can approach 100%