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Infectious Agents II > Exam 2: Picornaviridae > Flashcards

Exam 2: Picornaviridae Flashcards

1
Q

What are the virion properties of the family Picornaviridae?

A

Non-enveloped virions
Virions rounded and smooth in outline
Diameter 27 nm
Icosahedral symmetry
Genome: single molecule of linear positive RNA
There are difference on their stability to low pH

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2
Q

What are some of the genera in the Picornaviridae family?

A 
Aphthovirus
Avihepatovirus
Cardiovirus
Entervirus
Teschovirus
Tremovirus
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3
Q

What genera is Foot and Mouth Disease?

A

Aphthovirus

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4
Q

What are signs of FMD?

A 
Fever
Loss of appetite
Depression
Marked drop in milk production
Drooling of saliva
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5
Q

Describe FMD Aftosa

A

Picornaviridae, Aphtovirus
7 distinct serotypes
Over 60 subtypes
No cross protection (problems with vaccination)

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6
Q

What is FMD Aftos inactivated at?

A

pH below 6.5 and above 11

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7
Q

What does FMD Aftosa survive in?

A

Milk
Milk products
Bone marrow
Lymph glands

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8
Q

What are the 7 distinct serotypes of FMD?

A 
A
O
C
SAT-1
SAT-2
SAT-3
Asia 1
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9
Q

How is FMD transmitted via respiratory aerosols?

A

Proper temperature and humidity

Survives 1-2 days in human respiratory tract

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10
Q

How is FMD transmitted via direct contact?

A

Ingestion of infected food or animal parts

Artificial insemination biologicals, hormones

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11
Q

How is FMD transmitted via indirect contact?

A

Fomites

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12
Q

What is the morbidity associated with FMD?

A

100% in susceptible animal populations

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13
Q

What is the mortality associated with FMD?

A

Less than 1%

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14
Q

What are clinical signs of FMD in cattle?

A

Oral lesions

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15
Q

What are the clinical signs of FMD in pigs?

A

Hoof lesions

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16
Q

What is the best indicator of FMD?

A

Cattle

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17
Q

What is the best amplifier of FMD?

A

Pigs

18
Q

What species are silent shedders of FMD?

A

Sheep

19
Q

What virus is associated with swine vesicular disease?

A

Enterovirus

20
Q

What species are susceptible to FMD?

A

Cattle
Sheep
Swine

21
Q

What species are susceptible to swine vesicular disease?

A

Swine

22
Q

What species are susceptible to vesicular stomatitis?

A

Cattle
Sheep
Swine
Horse

23
Q

What species are susceptible to vesicular exanthema of swine?

A

Swine

Horse

24
Q

What can wildlife act as for FMD?

A

Reservoirs

25
Q

What are the diagnostic samples for FMD?

A

Vesicular epithelium

Vesicular fluid

26
Q

What is the most common and efficient method of diagnostic testing for FMD?

A

RT-PCR

27
Q

What is the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) a cooperative effort between?

A

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
National Institute of Food
Agriculture American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics (AAAVLD)

28
Q

What kind of problem may FMD and other vesicular diseases be?

A

Economical and trade problems

29
Q

What is necessary for vesicular disease?

A

Diagnostic laboratory

30
Q

What should be done immediately upon diagnosis or suspicion of FMD?

A

It should be reported

31
Q

What does swine vesicular disease cause?

A

Lameness

32
Q

What genera is Equine Rhinovirus 1?

A

Aphthovirus

33
Q

What are the signs associated with Equine Rhinovirus 1?

A

Severe systemic and respiratory signs

34
Q

What genera is avian encephalomyelitis?

A

Tremovirus

35
Q

What kind of disease is avian encephalomyelitis?

A

Neurological

36
Q

What happens to an unprotected bird with avian encephalomyelitis?

A

Layer: Drop in egg production
Egg : Virus transmitted through egg
Chick: AE clinical signs at 1 to 6 days of age
Horizontal transmission leads to AE clinical signs in chicks 3 to 4 weeks

37
Q

What is the genera associated with encephalomyocarditis?

A

Cardiovirus

38
Q

What are the natural hosts of encephalomyocarditis?

A

Rodents

39
Q

What is porcine polioencephalomyelitis also known as?

A

Teschen/Talfan disease

40
Q

What genera is associate with porcine polioencephalomyelitis?

A

Teschovirus

41
Q

What genera is duck viral hepatitis?

A

Avihepatovirus

42
Q

What is the mortality of duck viral hepatitis?

A

Can approach 100%

Infectious Agents II (25 decks)

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