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DEN 7111 Development > Exam 3 - Oral Mucosa Colombo > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Oral Mucosa Colombo Flashcards

1
Q

What lines the oral cavity and where does it transition to respiratory/GI mucosa?

A

Oral mucosa; tonsillar pillars

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2
Q

The oral mucosa is composed of:

A
  • stratified squamous epithelium
  • underlying lamina propria
  • may also have submucosa
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3
Q

Submucosa

A

Deeper connective tissue layer containing glands, etc.

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4
Q

Oral mucosa is characterized on the basis of:

A

Keratinization

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5
Q

Areas that are keratinized are generally:

A

Areas that need more protection

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6
Q

Areas that require more range of movement are:

A

Non-keratinized

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7
Q

Orthokeratinized

A

Squames do not contain any visible nuclei

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8
Q

Parakeratinized

A

Squames still have some proportion of visible shrunken (pyknotic) nuclei

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9
Q

Keratinized epithelium can either be:

A
  • orthokeratinized
  • parakeratinized
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10
Q

In the oral epithelium, where does cell renewal take place?

A

Basal layer (stratum basale)

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11
Q

In the oral epithelium, what is above the basal layer?

A

Prickle cell layer (stratum spinosum)

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12
Q

What happens to cells in the prickle cell layer?

A
  • cells get noticeably larger, start filling with organelles
  • shrink when fixed except where they are connected to one another
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13
Q

Keratinized epithelium has a ___ layer packed with ____ which assemble keratin filaments

A

Granular layer (stratum granulosum); keratohyaline granules

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14
Q

Keratinized epithelium is topped by a layer of keratin packed squames called:

A

Cornified layer/stratum corneum

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15
Q

Non-keratinized epithelium contains

A

intermediate layer and top superficial layer

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16
Q

Upper layer of the lamina propria contains:

A

blood vessels

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17
Q

In keratinized oral epithelium, cell maturation takes place in layers, which are:

A
  • basal layer
  • prickle cell layer
  • Granular intermediate layer
  • keratinized surface layer (stratum corneum)
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18
Q

In non keratinized oral epithelium, cell maturation takes place in layers, which are:

A
  • basal layer
  • prickle cell layer
  • intermediate layer
  • superficial layer
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19
Q

What are rete pegs?

A
  • Interlocking ridges of connective tissue and overlaying epithelium in the oral mucosa
  • projections of epithelium into underlying lamina propria
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20
Q

Connective tissue counterparts of rete pegs

A

Connective tissue papillae

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21
Q

Rete pegs are important for:

A

providing mechanical resiliency of tissue (like shear on the basement membrane)

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22
Q

Rete pegs can give the gingiva a ___ appearance

A

Stippled

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23
Q

Rete pegs are more pronounced in:

A

Keratinized epithelium covering gingiva or palate

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24
Q

Rete pegs are broader and less defined in:

A

Non keratinized lining mucosa

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25
Q

Damage to tissues via inflammatory disease can result in:

A

Loss of rete pegs

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26
Q

Besides epithelial cells, what other cell types are found in the oral epithelium?

A
  • Melanocytes
  • Langerhans cells
  • Merkel cells
  • lymphocytes
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27
Q

Melanocytes - function and origin

A
  • provide pigmentation (not based on number, more so melanin production)
  • origin is neural crest
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28
Q

Langerhans cells in the oral epithelium

A

Dendritic cells (APC); migratory

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29
Q

Merkel cells - location and function

A
  • located in basal cell layer of oral epithelium
  • associated with nerve fibers/touch sensation (deep static touch)
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30
Q

Lymphocytes in the junctional epithelium

A

occasionally present; infiltrate inflammatory situation

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31
Q

_____ functions as mechanical support to the epithelium and carries blood vessels/nerves

A

Lamina propria

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32
Q

Lamina propria layers

A
  • papillary layer
  • reticular layer
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33
Q

Papillary layer of lamina propria

A
  • directly under epithelial layer
  • loose connective tissue
  • more cells
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34
Q

Reticular layer of lamina propria

A

dense connective tissue fibrous layer under papillary layer

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35
Q

The oral mucosa of the cheek has a thinner or thicker lamina propria than the outer surface of the lip

A

Thinner

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36
Q

_____ is a source of unique mesenchymal progenitor cells

A

Oral lamina propria

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37
Q

____ interdigitates with epithelial rete pegs

A

Connective tissue papillae (lamina propria)

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38
Q

Oral fissure

A

Another term for opening of the mouth

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39
Q

What is the space that the mouth opens on to?

A

Oral cavity (until it transitions to the oropharynx)

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40
Q

The oral cavity is the gateway to the:

A
  • GI tract
  • respiratory tract
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41
Q

Functions of the oral cavity

A
  • nutrition
  • communication
  • social interaction
  • self defense
42
Q

Subdivisions of the oral cavity

A
  • oral vestibule
  • oral cavity proper
43
Q

3 classifications of the oral mucosa

A
  • lining mucosa
  • masticatory mucosa
  • specialized mucosa
44
Q

Lining mucosa is keratinized or nonkeratinized?

A

Nonkeratinized

45
Q

Lining mucosa covers what structures?

A
  • lips
  • cheeks
  • floor of the mouth
  • soft palate
  • alveolar mucosa
  • ventral side of tongue
46
Q

The lining mucosa is fairly ____ except for the labial and buccal

A

Thin

47
Q

Thinnest area of the mouth/clinical significance

A

Floor of the mouth - often used for medication delivery

48
Q

Masticatory mucosa is keratinized or nonkeratinized?

A

Keratinized

49
Q

Masticatory mucosa is found on:

A
  • gingiva
  • hard palate
50
Q

Is masticatory mucosa thin or thick?

A

Thick

51
Q

Specialized mucosa - keratinized or nonkeratinized?

A

Generally keratinized

52
Q

Where is specialized mucosa found?

A
  • dorsal surface of the tongue (with all the papillae)
53
Q

Is specialized mucosa thin or thick?

A

Thick

54
Q

What are the junctions of the oral mucosa?

A
  • mucocutaneous
  • mucogingival
  • dentogingival
55
Q

Mucocutaneous junction

A

transition area between skin and oral mucous membrane

56
Q

Vermillion zone

A
  • “red/pink/purple” part of the lip
57
Q

Vermillion zone contains ____ epithelium

A

thin, keratinized

58
Q

What causes the distinct color of the vermillion zone?

A

long connective papillae with abundant capillary loops

59
Q

What is the vermillion border?

A

Border separating vermillion zone and outer skin

60
Q

Intermediate zone

A

transition between vermillion zone and labial mucosa

61
Q

The intermediate zone is made of ____ epithelium

A

Parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

62
Q

The mucogingival junction shows a marked transition between:

A

Epithelium of the alveolar mucosa and epithelium of attached gingiva

63
Q

Attached gingiva is located between:

A

Mucogingival junction and free gingival groove

64
Q

The alveolar lining mucosa contains:

A

Abundant elastic fibers and high degree of mobility

65
Q

Attached gingiva epithelium is:

A

Keratinized stratified squamous

66
Q

Attached gingiva epithelium typically shows ____ in a healthy mouth due to ____

A

Stippling; increased numbers of collagen bundles and more prominent rete pegs

67
Q

What marks the start of the free gingiva

A

Free gingival groove

68
Q

Free gingiva is also known as

A

Marginal gingiva

69
Q

Free gingiva is bounded by:

A
  • free gingival groove
  • free gingival margin
  • gingival sulcus
  • vestibule and oral cavity
70
Q

Free gingiva epithelium is generally:

A

Keratinized (but can be para or non)

71
Q

Sulcular epithelium lines the ____ and is _____

A

gingival sulcus; nonkeratinized

72
Q

Sulcular epithelium is thinner and lacks

A

Pronounced rete pegs

73
Q

The sulcular epithelium is continuous with:

A

Junctional epithelium

74
Q

Junctional epithelium is keratinized or not?

A

Nonkeratinized

75
Q

Interdental papillae

A

Between the teeth just under the interdental contact area

76
Q

Interdental papillae composed of

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

77
Q

Col

A

concave depression between peaks of interdental papillae

78
Q

Col is generally lined with

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

79
Q

Two main components to the dentogingival junction/junctional epithelial area

A
  • junctional epithelium
  • underlying connective tissue (supports and instructs the junctional epithelium)
80
Q

Epithelial structure of dentogingival junction

A

2 basal laminae (one at tooth surface, one at junctional epithelium)

81
Q

Dentogingival junction is highly influenced by

A

Inflammatory signals

82
Q

What forms the floor of the gingival sulcus

A

Junctional epithelium

83
Q

Junctional epithelium is derived from

A

Coronal reduced enamel epithelium during tooth eruption

84
Q

Establishment of junctional epithelium: as the tooth erupts, the REE ____

A

fuses with oral epithelium; flattened outer layer of epithelium attaches to tooth surface

85
Q

_____ underlying junctional epithelium sends signals to the overlying epithelium

A

Connective tissue

(signals may be responsible for specialized characteristics)

86
Q

____ are heavily influential in the gingival and sulcular/junctional epithelium

A

Inflammatory cells

87
Q

Gingival connective tissue does not have a heavy traffic or inflammatory cells- thus, the epithelium is:

In contrast, sulcular and junctional epithelium is supported by connective tissue with a fair number of inflammatory cells, thus held in ____ state

A

Keratinized; non keratinized

88
Q

Antibiotics and intense oral hygiene in experimental animals results in

A

Sulcular/junctional epithelial keratinization

89
Q

Apical movement of the periodontal pocket may be caused by

A
  • Inflammatory loss of underlying connective tissues
  • proliferation/downward migration of the junctional epithelium
90
Q

Oral mucoperiosteum structure

A
  • medial hard palate
  • attached gingiva
  • no submucosa
  • robust lamina propria attaches directly to bone
91
Q

Soft palate has lining mucosa so it is not

A

Keratinized

92
Q

Can find glandular tissue on

A

Soft palate

93
Q

What separates oral and nasal cavities

A

Soft palate (thus one side has respiratory epithelium)

94
Q

Hard palate contains masticatory epithelium to withstand

A

Abrasion

95
Q

Hard palate epithelium

A

Masticatory - keratinized stratified squamous ortho/para

96
Q

Hard palate - lamina propria often binds:

A

Directly to the underlying bone

97
Q

True or false: some glandular tissue present on hard palate

A

True (more so on soft palate)

98
Q

Anterior region of hard palate features

A

Rugae that do not cross palatine median raphe

99
Q

Lamina propria attached directly to underlying bone (no submucosa) in ___

A

Mucoperiosteum

100
Q

Laterally, both anterior and posterior palate may have ____ but median typically does not

A

Submucosa

101
Q

Junctional epithelium abuts the ____ and forms _______ to the tooth surface

A

tooth; hemidesmosomal attachments

DEN 7111 Development (19 decks)

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