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BIO-161-B > Exam 3: Ch. 10 > Flashcards

Exam 3: Ch. 10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Origin/head

A

muscle end attached to more stationary of two bones

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2
Q

insertion

A

muscle end attached to bone with greatest movement

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3
Q

belly

A

largest portion of the muscle btw origin and insertion

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4
Q

tendon

A

attaches muscles to bones

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5
Q

aponeurosis

A

a very broad tendon (line in middle of six pack)

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6
Q

agonist

A

muscle that, when it contracts, causes an action

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7
Q

antagonist

A

a muscle working in opposition to agonist e.g., biceps and triceps

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8
Q

synergists

A

muscles that work together to cause a movement

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9
Q

prime mover

A

plays major role in accomplishing movement

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10
Q

fixators

A
  1. stabilize joints crossed by the prime mover

2. prevent movement of the origin of the prime mover

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11
Q

semipennate

A

doesn’t have complete belly

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12
Q

pennate/bipennate

A

more even belly

2. lots of fibers that attach together

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13
Q

multipennate

A

biggest belly

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14
Q

straight shape muscle

A

six pack

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15
Q

orbicular

A

around sphinctors

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16
Q

5 more regular shapes of muscles

A
  1. quadrate
  2. rhomboidal
  3. fusiform
  4. trapezium
  5. triangular
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17
Q

digastric muscle

A

two-bellied

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18
Q

bicipital muscle

A

two-headed

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19
Q

muscles are named according to 7 categories:

A
  1. location
  2. size
  3. shape
  4. orientation
  5. origin and insertion
  6. number of heads
  7. function
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20
Q

Class 1 lever

A

FEL

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21
Q

Class 2 lever

A

LEF

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22
Q

Class 3 lever

A

ELF

23
Q

Ex. class 1 lever

A
  1. head movement

2. balance

24
Q

Ex. class 2 lever

A

raising motion of standing on toes

25
Q

Ex. class 3 lever

A
  1. person using shovel

95% of time

26
Q

Face muscles

A
  1. occipitofrontalis
  2. orbicularis oculi
  3. corrugator supercilii
  4. levator labii superioris
  5. masseter
  6. buccinator
  7. depressor anguli oris
  8. platysma
27
Q

Neck muscles

A
  1. sternocleidomastoid
  2. scalene
  3. trapezius
28
Q

Facial muscles: cutaneous

A

origin and insertion in superficial fascia

29
Q

tongue: important in speech b/c able to…

A

change shape

30
Q

F: swallowing

A
  1. moves food around in mouth
  2. holds food in place during grinding
  3. pushes food up to palate and back toward pharynx
31
Q

swallowing: intrinsic movement

A

entirely within the tongue and allow change in shape

32
Q

swallowing: extrinsic movement

A

insert in tongue and allow change in shape and movement direction

33
Q

Eye: 4 rectus muscles

A
  1. lateral
  2. medial
  3. superior
  4. inferior
34
Q

Eye: 2 oblique muscles

A
  1. inferior

2. superior

35
Q

trunk: deep group

A

from vertebra to vertebra

36
Q

trunk: superficial group

A

extend from vertebrae to ribs

37
Q

3 deep muscles of trunk (top to bottom)

A
  1. intertranversarii
  2. multifidus
  3. rotatores
38
Q

thoracic: scalenes function

A

elevate first 2 ribs during inspiration

39
Q

thoracic: external intercostals

A

gets bigger during inspiration

40
Q

thoracic: internal intercostals

A

gets smalled during expiration

41
Q

thoracic: diaphragm contracts during..

A

inspiration

42
Q

thoracic: diaphragm relaxes during…

A

expiration

43
Q

abdominal wall: Function

A
  1. flex and rotate vertebral column

2. decrease volume of abdominal and thoracic cavities

44
Q

abdominal wall: linea alba is a.k.a.

A

aponeurosis

45
Q

deltoid and pectoralis major both acts as…of the shoulder

A

flexors and extensors of the shoulder

46
Q

deltoid: movement

A

abducts and medially and laterally rotates arm

47
Q

4 muscles of rotator cuff

A
  1. infraspinatus
  2. supraspinatus
  3. subscapularis
  4. teres minor
48
Q

F: rotator cuff

A

stabilize shoulder

49
Q

F: tendons of forearm

A

control finger movements

50
Q

thigh: posterolateral muscles composed of…

A

gluteals and tensor fasciae latae

51
Q

quads: the only that muscle that originates on coaxal bone

A

rectus femoris

52
Q

3 muscles of hamstrings

A
  1. semitendinosus
  2. semimembranosus
  3. biceps femoris
53
Q

5 muscles of adductors

A
  1. pectinus
  2. gracilis
  3. adductor brevis
  4. adductor longus
  5. adductor magnus

BIO-161-B (15 decks)

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