Exam 3: Ch. 10

Question 1

Origin/head

Answer 1

muscle end attached to more stationary of two bones

Question 2

insertion

Answer 2

muscle end attached to bone with greatest movement

Question 3

belly

Answer 3

largest portion of the muscle btw origin and insertion

Question 4

tendon

Answer 4

attaches muscles to bones

Question 5

aponeurosis

Answer 5

a very broad tendon (line in middle of six pack)

Question 6

agonist

Answer 6

muscle that, when it contracts, causes an action

Question 7

antagonist

Answer 7

a muscle working in opposition to agonist e.g., biceps and triceps

Question 8

synergists

Answer 8

muscles that work together to cause a movement

Question 9

prime mover

Answer 9

plays major role in accomplishing movement

Question 10

fixators

Answer 10

1. stabilize joints crossed by the prime mover

2. prevent movement of the origin of the prime mover

Question 11

semipennate

Answer 11

doesn’t have complete belly

Question 12

pennate/bipennate

Answer 12

more even belly

2. lots of fibers that attach together

Question 13

multipennate

Answer 13

biggest belly

Question 14

straight shape muscle

Answer 14

six pack

Question 15

orbicular

Answer 15

around sphinctors

Question 16

5 more regular shapes of muscles

Answer 16

1. quadrate
2. rhomboidal
3. fusiform
4. trapezium
5. triangular

Question 17

digastric muscle

Answer 17

two-bellied

Question 18

bicipital muscle

Answer 18

two-headed

Question 19

muscles are named according to 7 categories:

Answer 19

1. location
2. size
3. shape
4. orientation
5. origin and insertion
6. number of heads
7. function

Question 20

Class 1 lever

Answer 20

FEL

Question 21

Class 2 lever

Answer 21

LEF

Question 22

Class 3 lever

Answer 22

ELF

Question 23

Ex. class 1 lever

Answer 23

1. head movement

2. balance

Question 24

Ex. class 2 lever

Answer 24

raising motion of standing on toes

Question 25

Ex. class 3 lever

Answer 25

1. person using shovel | 95% of time

Question 26

Face muscles

Answer 26

1. occipitofrontalis 2. orbicularis oculi 3. corrugator supercilii 4. levator labii superioris 5. masseter 6. buccinator 7. depressor anguli oris 8. platysma

Question 27

Neck muscles

Answer 27

1. sternocleidomastoid 2. scalene 3. trapezius

Question 28

Facial muscles: cutaneous

Answer 28

origin and insertion in superficial fascia

Question 29

tongue: important in speech b/c able to...

Answer 29

change shape

Question 30

F: swallowing

Answer 30

1. moves food around in mouth 2. holds food in place during grinding 3. pushes food up to palate and back toward pharynx

Question 31

swallowing: intrinsic movement

Answer 31

entirely within the tongue and allow change in shape

Question 32

swallowing: extrinsic movement

Answer 32

insert in tongue and allow change in shape and movement direction

Question 33

Eye: 4 rectus muscles

Answer 33

1. lateral 2. medial 3. superior 4. inferior

Question 34

Eye: 2 oblique muscles

Answer 34

1. inferior | 2. superior

Question 35

trunk: deep group

Answer 35

from vertebra to vertebra

Question 36

trunk: superficial group

Answer 36

extend from vertebrae to ribs

Question 37

3 deep muscles of trunk (top to bottom)

Answer 37

1. intertranversarii 2. multifidus 3. rotatores

Question 38

thoracic: scalenes function

Answer 38

elevate first 2 ribs during inspiration

Question 39

thoracic: external intercostals

Answer 39

gets bigger during inspiration

Question 40

thoracic: internal intercostals

Answer 40

gets smalled during expiration

Question 41

thoracic: diaphragm contracts during..

Answer 41

inspiration

Question 42

thoracic: diaphragm relaxes during...

Answer 42

expiration

Question 43

abdominal wall: Function

Answer 43

1. flex and rotate vertebral column | 2. decrease volume of abdominal and thoracic cavities

Question 44

abdominal wall: linea alba is a.k.a.

Answer 44

aponeurosis

Question 45

deltoid and pectoralis major both acts as...of the shoulder

Answer 45

flexors and extensors of the shoulder

Question 46

deltoid: movement

Answer 46

abducts and medially and laterally rotates arm

Question 47

4 muscles of rotator cuff

Answer 47

1. infraspinatus 2. supraspinatus 3. subscapularis 4. teres minor

Question 48

F: rotator cuff

Answer 48

stabilize shoulder

Question 49

F: tendons of forearm

Answer 49

control finger movements

Question 50

thigh: posterolateral muscles composed of...

Answer 50

gluteals and tensor fasciae latae

Question 51

quads: the only that muscle that originates on coaxal bone

Answer 51

rectus femoris

Question 52

3 muscles of hamstrings

Answer 52

1. semitendinosus 2. semimembranosus 3. biceps femoris

Question 53

5 muscles of adductors

Answer 53

1. pectinus 2. gracilis 3. adductor brevis 4. adductor longus 5. adductor magnus