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BIO-161-B > Exam 1: Ch. 4 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Ch. 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

histology

A

study of tissues

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2
Q

biopsy

A

removal of live tissues for diagnosis

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3
Q

autopsy

A

exam. of organs in dead body

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4
Q

4 types of tissue

A
  1. epithelial
  2. connective
  3. muscle
  4. nervous
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5
Q

3 types of muscle tissue; voluntary or involuntary?

A
  1. skeletal - voluntary
  2. smooth - involuntary (hollow organs)
  3. cardiac - involuntary (heart)
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6
Q

glial cells

A

support neurons to function

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7
Q

epithelial tissue: made of a lot of cells or matrix?

A

cells

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8
Q

connective tissue: made of a lot of cells or matrix?

A

matrix

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9
Q

structure of epithelial tissue

A

3 layers: free/apical surface, lateral and basal

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10
Q

characteristics of epithelial tissue

A
  1. tightly packed cells
  2. avascular
  3. regenerate
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11
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

A
  1. protection
  2. barrier
  3. allow substances to pass
  4. secretion
  5. absorption
  6. prevents dehydration
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12
Q

3 shapes of epithelial tissue and function

A
  1. squamous: protection
  2. cuboidal: secretion or absorption
  3. columnar: secretion and aborption
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13
Q

3 types of layers of epithelial tissue

A
  1. simple
  2. stratified (same nucleus position)
  3. pseudostratified (nucleus position not unified)
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14
Q

Transitional epithelial tissue

A

able to adapt to volume

ex. urinary bladder

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15
Q

cell connections: functions

A

permeability and bind cells

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16
Q

cell connections: 3 types

A

desmosomes, tight junction, gap junction

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17
Q

cell connections: tight junction made of

A

actin filament

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18
Q

cell connections: desmosomes

A

intermediate filaments

19
Q

2 types of glands

A

endocrine and exocrine

20
Q

endocrine glands

A
  1. produce hormones

2. no ducts

21
Q

exocrine glands

A
  1. has ducts

2. transports products outside

22
Q

exocrine: multicellular: compound: differentiate acinar and tubular shape

A

Acinar: sebaceous glands of skin
Tubular: glands in stomach and colon

23
Q

3 methods of secretion types

A
  1. merocrine gland
  2. aprocrine gland
  3. holocrine gland
24
Q

secretion types: merocrine gland and ex.

A

products go out

ex. sweat gland

25
Q

secretion types: aprocrine gland and ex.

A

apical surface goes out

ex. mammary gland

26
Q

secretion types: holocrine gland and ex.

A

the whole cell goes out

ex. sebaceous gland

27
Q

3 examples of connective tissue

A
  1. blood
  2. cartilage
  3. bones
28
Q

7 functions of connective tissue

A
  1. enclose organs around veins
  2. connect tissues together (tendons)
  3. support and movement (bones)
  4. storage (fat)
  5. cushion and insulation (fat)
  6. transport (blood)
  7. protection (immune)
29
Q

2 types of adipose tissue and function

A
  1. yellow (most abundant and energy storage)

2. brown (temp regulation)

30
Q

location: reticular connective tissue

A

bone marrow

31
Q

function: dense regular collagenous connective tissue

A

resist stretching

32
Q

2 types of dense regular collagenous connective tissue

A

tendons and ligaments

33
Q

location: dense elastic connective tissue

A

vocal folds

34
Q

3 types of cartilage

A
  1. hyaline
  2. fibrocartilage
  3. elastic
35
Q

hyaline cartilage

A

most abundant

36
Q

Location: fibrocartilage

A

places that have lots of tension

ex. vertebrate and jaw

37
Q

Location: elastic cartilage

A

only in ear and epiglottis (respiratory)

38
Q

2 minerals in bone

A

calcium and phosphate

39
Q

3 elements in blood

A

red cells, white cells, platelets

40
Q

Location: hemopoietic tissue (fluid connective tissue)

A

red bone marrow

41
Q

4 manifestations of tissue damage

A
  1. redness
  2. heat
  3. swelling
  4. blood
42
Q

2 types of cytokines

A
  1. histamine

2. prostaglandin (contraction)

43
Q

function of cytokines

A

increase pain

44
Q

3 effects of aging on tissues

A
  1. cell divide slowly = slow healing
  2. collagen fibers become irregular
  3. elastic fibers fragment = wrinkles in skin

BIO-161-B (15 decks)

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