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anatomy > exam 3 autonomic nervous system > Flashcards

exam 3 autonomic nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

function of somatic nervous system

A

innervates skeletal muscles and receives sensory info from senses
-CNS and PNS

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2
Q

function of autonomic nervous system

A

innervates visceral (organs)

  • the things body does without thinking about it
  • CNS and PNS
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3
Q

what is the hierarchy of the ANS

A
  1. hypothalamus: oversees all ANS activity
  2. “middle management”: ANS centers in brainstem
  3. “ordinary workers”: pre/postganglionic neurons
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4
Q

describe process of somatic neuron signaling

A

motor neuron sends signals to muscle fiber, to be activated
- located in CNS and then goes to PNS
(2 total location)

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5
Q

describe the process of autonomic neuron signaling

A

sends impulse from neuron in CNS to another neuron (ganglion) in PNS, which sends axon to organ to perform function
(3 total locations)

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6
Q

why does ANS use 2 neuron chain?

A
  • limited resources

- more energy effective

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7
Q

what is the sympathetic division

thoracolumbar

A
  • originates in lateral horns of T1-L2 region of spinal cord
  • “emergency” situations
  • “flight or fight” response
  • “mass action” effect
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8
Q

what is the parasympathetic division

cranialsacral

A
  • some cranial/sacral nerves
  • maintains homeostasis environment
  • “rest and digest”
  • usually discrete and localized
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9
Q

what are the cranial components of parasympathetic system

A 
CN III (oculomotor)
CN VII (facial)
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
CN X (vagus)
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10
Q

what are the sacral components of the parasympathetic system

A

S2-S4 of spinal cord

-pelvic splanchnic nerves

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11
Q

parasympathetic pathway for axons

A

1) cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons
2) synapse in terminal ganglia which are located close to or on the organ being innervated
3) postganglionic axons travel from the terminal ganglia to the target organ

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12
Q

how does the parotid gland know when to secrete saliva?

A

cranial nerve IX carries parasynthetic info to parotid gland, to secrete saliva

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13
Q

which cranial nerves innervate other salivary glands (not parotid)

A

cranial nerve VII (facial)

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14
Q

where does CN X (vagus) take parasympathetic info to

A

neck, thorax, abdomen

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15
Q

order of sympathetic division pathway

A

anterior roots
spinal nerve
white rami
sympathetic trunk

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16
Q

function of sympathetic postganglionic axons

A

travel directly to target organ

17
Q

function of prevertebral (collateral) ganglia

A
  • splanchnic nerves synapse here

- located in front of of vertebral column

18
Q

function of splanchnic nerves

A

preganglionic axons that do synapse in the sympathetic trunk ganglion

19
Q

function of grey rami

A
  • runs from the sympathetic trunk to a spinal cord

- sympathetic postganglionic axons

20
Q

function of sympathetic trunks

A
  • long chain of axons on either side of vertebral column

- sympathetic trunk ganglia

21
Q

function of white rami

A

runs from spinal nerve to sympathetic trunk

22
Q

function of cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons in lateral horns of T1-L2 segments of spinal cord

A

preganglionic axons exit the spinal nerve and then go to the white rami

23
Q

what is the 1st option of sympathetic synapsing

A

some synapse in the sympathetic trunk and leave through the grey ramus, to the spinal nerves out to the skin and blood vessels

24
Q

what is the 2nd option of sympathetic synapsing

A

synapse in the sympathetic trunk and leave anteriorly to go to the thoracic organs

25
Q

what is the 3rd option of sympathetic synapsing

A

some preganglionic axons leave the sympathetic trunk as splanchnic nerves, to prevertebral ganglia to synapse before heading to abdominal organs

26
Q

describe the parasympathetic and sympathetic functions of the iris

A

p: constricts pupil
s: dilates pupil

27
Q

describe the parasympathetic and sympathetic functions of the salivary gland

A

p: stimulates secretion
s: inhibits secretion

28
Q

describe the parasympathetic and sympathetic functions of the heart rate

A

p: decreases
s: increases

29
Q

describe the parasympathetic and sympathetic functions of the lungs

A

p: bronchoconstrictor
s: bronchodilator

30
Q

describe the parasympathetic and sympathetic functions of the digestive system

A

p: stimulates activity
s: inhibits activity

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