Exam 3 - Apoptosis Flashcards
Rountine controlled cell death that minimizes the spread of damage and/or inflammation.
Apoptosis
Characteristics of apoptosis.
Overall volumes shrinks, adhesion to neighboring cells lost, bleb formation on surface, DNA fragments, nuclear envelope disassembles, and engulfment via macrophage.
Enzymes, targets proteins and cleaves them in their sequence where an aspartic amino acid residue occurs.
Caspases
Inactive precursor of caspases, activated via porease cleavage.
Procaspases
Two major classes of caspases.
Initiator caspases and executioner caspases.
Class of caspases, initiates apoptosis.
Initiator apoptosis
Class of caspases, destrys targets, executes apoptosis.
Executioner caspases
Cell surface receptor, stumlated via external signals.
Death receptors.
Three domains of deah receptor.
Extracellular binding, single transmembrane, and intracellular death
Controls of external pathway (i.e. death receptor).
Decoy protein and FLIP
Inhibitory protein, has ligand binding domain but no death domain.
Decoy protein
Protein, resemble initiator procaspase with no proteolytic domain, prevents apoptosis.
FLIP
Key event of internal pathway.
Movement of cytochrome c from intermediate space of mitochondria to cytosol (i.e. activates procaspases)
Procaspase-activating adaptor protein, activated via cytochrome c, forms apoptosome.
Apaf1
Structure consisting of Apaf1, activates caspase-9.
Apoptosome
