Exam #3 AEs

Question 1

AEs of FSH (hMG) and LH (hCG) (2)?

Answer 1

• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (ovarian enlargement)

- Multiple pregnancies

Question 2

AEs of Estrogen (3)?

Answer 2

• Migraines
• Blood clots/accelerated blood clotting
• Endometrial hyperplasia (why always combined with P)

Question 3

AE of Clomiphene?

Answer 3

Multiple pregnancies

Question 4

AEs of combination contraception (P + E) (4)?

Answer 4

• CVD issues (clotting, HTN, migraine, stroke)
• Women 35+ AND smoker
• Teratogenic
• Infertility

Question 5

What are four COMMON AEs associated with combination contraception (P + E)?

Answer 5

• Weight gain
• Nausea
• Edema
• Depression

Question 6

Long-term AEs of Progestin-ONLY (2, early vs. late)?

Answer 6

• Early: breakthrough bleeding

- Late: amenorrhea

Question 7

AEs of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) (2)?

Answer 7

• Breast CA

- CV risks (if 10+ years post-menopause)

Question 8

AEs of androgens (3)?

Answer 8

• Acne/oily skin
• Decreased HDL
• Psych changes

Question 9

What additional AE is seen with androgens in MALES?

Answer 9

Decreased spermatogenesis (high exogenous T → low LH/FSH via negative FB)

Question 10

What two additional AEs are seen with androgens in FEMALES?

Answer 10

• Masculinization

- Pseudohermaphroditism in fetus

Question 11

AEs of Finasteride (Propecia)?

Answer 11

• Gynecomastia

- ED

Question 12

AEs of Insulin use (2)?

Answer 12

• Hypoglycemia (incudes cognitive dysfunction)

- Weight gain

Question 13

AE of Flutamide?

Answer 13

Antiandrogen

- Hepatotoxicity (reversible)

Question 14

AE of Metformin (3)? Which is most common, and which is most dangerous?

Answer 14

• Diarrhea = most common
• Lactic acidosis = most dangerous
• Vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 15

Two DM drug classes that have AE of weight gain?

Answer 15

• TZDs

- SUs

Question 16

DM drug class that has AE of hypoglycemia?

Answer 16

SUs

Question 17

Two DM drug classes that have AE of pancreatitis?

Answer 17

• GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

- DPP-4 Inhibitors

Question 18

AE of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists?

Answer 18

Pancreatitis

Question 19

AE of DPP-4 Inhibitors?

Answer 19

Pancreatitis

Question 20

AE of SGLT2 Inhibitors?

Answer 20

Female GU issues (mycotic infections, UTI, urinary frequency)

Question 21

AEs of TZDs (2)?

Answer 21

• Weight gain

- Edema

Question 22

AE of Acarbose and Miglitol?

Answer 22

Flatulance

- Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Question 23

AE of SUs (2)?

Answer 23

• Hypoglycemia

- Weight gain

Question 24

AE of Repaglinide?

Answer 24

Hypoglycemia

- Meglitinides

Question 25

AE of Pramlintide?

Answer 25

Hypoglycemia WHEN combined with Insulin (should be always)

Question 26

AEs of Oxytocin (3)?

Answer 26

- Water intoxication with convulsions (ADH-like) - Uterine rupture with high doses - Sinus bradycardia in fetus

Question 27

AEs of Dinoprostone, Carboprost tromethamine, Misoprostol (2)?

Answer 27

- GI disturbances | - DIARRHEA (especially Dinoprostone)

Question 28

AE of Indomethacin?

Answer 28

Partial closure of fetal ductus arteriosus (because PGs used to keep it open, and no PG synthesis)

Question 29

AE of hypothyroid drugs? Recommended plan if AEs present?

Answer 29

Hyperthyroid sxs | - Reduce dose (or stop short term then resume at lower dose)

Question 30

AEs of Methimazole, PTU (3)? Which is most common?

Answer 30

- Itching/skin rash = most common - Granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis - Goiter

Question 31

AE of PTU?

Answer 31

Severe liver injury/Acute liver failure = BLACK BOX warning

Question 32

AEs of Calcitonin (3)?

Answer 32

- Allergic reaction (comes from salmon) - Rhinitis/sinusitis = intranasal - N/V = injection

Question 33

AEs of Teriparatide and Abaloparatide (2)?

Answer 33

- Hypercalcemia | - Hypercalciuria

Question 34

AEs of Alendronate, Risedronate, Ibandronate, Zoledronic Acid (4)?

Answer 34

- N/V - Osteonecrosis of jaw bone - Atypical bone fractrures - Renal toxicity if given too fast (IV)

Question 35

AEs associated with long-term use of Glucocorticoids (4)? Which is also associated with short-term use?

Answer 35

- CNS (short-term use too) - Infection - Hyperglycemia - Osteoporosis

Question 36

Important AE associated with long-term use of Glucocorticoids? What can be done to avoid this?

Answer 36

Iatrogenic Adrenal Insufficiency (Cushing's-like) = HPA depression - TAPER to avoid this (no abrupt discontinuation)