DM (Exam #3) Flashcards
Is GLUT4 insulin-dependent or insulin-independent?
Insulin-dependent
Treatment for hypoglycemia?
Glucose (IV) = fastest
What two insulin types can be given IV?
BOLUS
- Rapid-Acting Insulin
- Short-Acting Insulin
What type of Insulin is used in insulin pumps?
Rapid-Acting Insulin
What type of Insulin is used first in Type II DM? When would this be considered?
Long-Acting Insulin
- Used if A1c is 10+% + Metformin
Is Rapid-Acting Insulin or Short-Acting Insulin preferred, and why?
Rapid-Acting Insulin preferred due to less hypoglycemia
- Less “tail-end”
What four factors must be considered when picking a Type II DM drug?
- ASCVD
- CKD
- Weight
- Hypoglycemia risk
Which medication decreases ALL-cause mortality events?
Metformin
What class of drugs have the name hint “-tide”?
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
What class of drugs have the name hint “-gliptin”?
DPP-4 Inhibitors
What class of drugs have the name hint “-gliflozin”?
SGLT-2 Inhibitors
What class of drugs have the name hint “-glitazone”?
TZDs
Which GLP-1 Receptor Agonists is the only ORAL form?
Semaglutide
What is an important PK associated with DPP-4 Inhibitors?
ORAL administration
What medication can be used as an alternative to SUs, and why?
Repaglinide
- Similar to SUs but NO sulfa allergy risk
Which generation of SUs is more potent? Which has the highest risk of hypoglycemia, and which has the least highest risk of hypoglycemia?
SECOND gen = more potent
- Glyburide = worst
- Glipizide = “best”
Which drug must be combined with another antidiabetic agent to be used?
Colesevelam
- Bile acid binding resin
Which medication is used to decrease postmeal plasma glucose levels due to enhanced suppression of hepatic glucose production?
Bromocriptine
Which drug MUST be used in combination with Insulin?
Pramlintide
What are the ABCs of DM care?
- A1c
- BP
- Cholesterol
When treating for DM, what is the risk that MUST be avoided regardless of treatment option?
Hypoglycemia
