Exam 2: Sensory Part 2 Flashcards
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
Merkel disks
touch
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
Krause end bulbs
touch
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
Meissner corpuscles
touch
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
root hair plexus
touch
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
Pacinian corpuscles
pressure
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
Ruffini endings
pressure
What name the sense associated with the sensory receptor:
free nerve endings
heat/cold/pain
Name the taste structure based on the description:
visible bumps on the tongue
taste bud
Name the taste structure based on the description:
they open at a taste pore and consist of supporting cells and taste cells; the taste cells contain microvilli
papillae
Name the taste structure based on the description:
when molecules bind to these, electrochemical messages are sent to the gustatory (taste) cortex in the parietal lobe, where they are interpreted as particular tastes
receptors on microvilli
the part of olfactory cells that odor molecules bind
receptors on the cilia
this carries electrochemical messages to the olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe (awareness of the smell), frontal lobe (identification of the smell), and to the limbic system’s centers for emotion and memory
Olfactory bulb / tract
the white, outer layer that supports and protects the eye
sclera
the clear part of the sclera that refracts light rays
cornea
the middle layer; its dark pigment absorbs light that photoreceptors have not absorbed
choroid
the colorful part that regulates the size of the pupil to regulate light entrance
iris
the hole through which light enters the eye
pupil
to view a distant object, this must relax and the lens flatten; to view a near object, this must contract and the lens become round and thick (bulge)
ciliary body
attach the ciliary muscle to the lens, hold the lens in place, and control the shape of the lens for focusing
suspensory ligaments
this refracts and focuses light rays and divides the eye into two compartments
lense
the compartment in front of the lens that is filled with a clear, watery fluid called the aqueous humor that is continually produced and drained by tiny ducts
anterior compartment
this compartment is filled with vitreous humor that holds the retina in place
posterior compartment
this is the third layer of the eye and contains rods and cones
retina
these photoreceptors are very sensitive to light and let us see in grayscale
rods
these photoreceptors make color vision possible
cones
this part of the retina has a lot of cone cells and is where the object needs to be focused on
fovea centralis
sends electrochemical messages from the rods and cones to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe
optic nerve
this part of the retina does not contain rods or cones and is where the optic nerve exits the eye (so you can’t see this part)
blind spot
this has an X shape and is formed by the crossing-over of optic nerve fibers (axons)
optic chiasm
the visible part of the ear that collects sound waves
Auricle / Pinna
this is lined with hairs and modified sweat glands that secrete earwax to trap debris
Auditory Canal
sound waves cause this to vibrate; also called the eardrum
Tympanic Membrane
vibrations of the eardrum cause this ossicle to vibrate; also called the hammer
Malleus
vibrations of the malleus cause this ossicle to vibrate; also called the anvil
Incus
this collides with the oval window, causing it to vibrate, which then passes the pressure to the fluid within the inner ear; also called the stirrup
Stapes
snail-shaped and contains the sense organ for hearing
Cochlea
this is the sense organ for hearing and is located in the cochlea; also called the spiral organ
Corti
the basilar membrane moves up and down, which causes this part of the hair cells within the tectorial membrane to bend and electrochemical messages to be generated
Stereocilia
this sends electrochemical messages to the auditory cortex in the temporal lobe, where they are interpreted as sound
Cochlear Nerve
connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx and allows air pressure to equalize across the tympanic membrane; also called the eustachian or pharyngotympanic tube
Auditory Tube
responds to chemicals for tasting, smelling, etc.
Chemoreceptor
a type of chemoreceptor that respond to chemicals released by damaged tissues to alert us of danger
Nociceptor
responds to light
Photoreceptor
stimulated by mechanical forces for hearing, balance, touch, and blood pressure
Mechanoreceptor
mechanoreceptor involved in reflex actions that maintain muscle tone, equilibrium, and posture
Proprioceptor
stimulated by changes in temperature
Thermoreceptors
sensory receptors that detect stimuli from outside the body (taste, smell, vision, hearing, and equilibrium)
Exteroceptors
sensory receptors that receive stimuli from inside the body
Interoceptors
Sensory adaptation is a ___ in response to a stimulus over time.
decrease
