Exam 2 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

In what ways do viruses differ from other pathogens?

A

they lack cytoplasm and organelles

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2
Q

What is the best criteria to classify a virus?

A

type of nucleic acid

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3
Q

How do viruses choose their host?

A

based on affinity between viral and cellular surface molecules

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4
Q

Extracellular state of a virus?

A

nucleocapsid

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5
Q

capsomere

A

makes viral capsid

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6
Q

bacteriophage

A

virus that infects bacteria

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7
Q

What only occurs in the lysogenic cycle but not in the lytic replication cycle?

A

formation of prophage

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8
Q

What type of nucleic acid is found only in viruses
?

A

single-stranded DNA and double stranded RNA

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9
Q

What is the main difference between prophage and provirus?

A

prophage can be excised from the host DNA but provirus cannot

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10
Q

The enzyme lysozyme is responsible for which stages of a bacteriophage T4 infection cycle?

A

entry and release

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11
Q

What does not carry nucleic acid but still replicates and can cause disease?

A

prions

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12
Q

What is responsible for spongiform encephalopathies?

A

prions

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13
Q

What does the autoclave use to sterilize?

A

moist heat

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14
Q

How can prions be destroyed?

A

autoclaving in concentrated sodium hydroxide solution and incineration

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15
Q

What lacks RNA genome but lacks capsid or protein?

A

viroid

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16
Q

Best and ethical method for culturing viruses?

A

tissue culture

17
Q

What disease is associated with provirus?

A

HIV

18
Q

The specific protein molecules released by host cells that inhibit the spread of viral infections are?

A

interferons

19
Q

Which of the following serum proteins when activated makes MAC?

A

complement

20
Q

Scar tissue is formed by?

A

fibroblasts