Exam 1 Review Flashcards
Who was the first person to have proposed the concept of spontaneous generation?
Aristotle
The scientist that confirmed that yeast causes fermentation:
Louis Pasteur
Who was the scientist who proposed the concept of vaccination?
Edward Jenner
Who were the scientists that proposed the concept of antiseptic techniques?
Lister
Which disease is associated with Robert Koch?
anthrax
John Snow is responsible for which branch of microbiology?
epidemiology
What will dissociate in anions or cations that will not have H+ or OH-?
salt
What is the microbial formation of alcohol from sugar?
fermentation
Who demonstrated that handwashing before surgery saves lives?
Semmelweis
Polyunsaturated fatty acid has:
more than two double bonds
atomic mass
sum of protons and neutrons
type of bond when electrons are transferred
ionic
What happens when a base is put into water?
it dissociates into a cation and hydroxyl ions
hydrolysis
adding water to start a decomposition reaction
A cell that uses an inorganic carbon source and obtains energy from light
photoautotroph
Which of the following forms of oxygen is detoxified by the enzyme catalase?
hydroxyl radical
Which of the following organisms can cause disease in organisms whose body temp is maintained at 37 degrees Celcius?
mesophiles
What method is best for measuring the number of microbes when the sample has a high number of bacteria?
viable plate counts
Obligate anaerobes lack which one of the following enzymes that can protect them from the damaging effects of toxic oxygen?
superoxide dismutase
Microbes that require 2-10% oxygen for their growth:
microaerophiles
What can detoxify hydrogen peroxide?
catalase
What drugs can kill bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis?
streptomycin and tetracycline
What is the best route to administer antimicrobial drugs if you want it to be released very slowly for longer period to achieve a stable MIC?
subcutaneous
Which of the following drugs inhibit pathogens by preventing viral attachment?
pleconaril
macrolide
kills bacteria binding to 50S ribosomal unit and blocking proper mRNA movement
cross resistance
resistance to one antimicrobial agent confers resistance to similar drugs
bacteriostatic
stops growth of bacteria
cephalosporins
kills bacteria by inhibition of cell wall synthesis
chloramphenicol
prevents covalent binding between amino acids
bacitracin
blocks NAG and NAM secretion
