Exam 2 Part 5

Question 1

Cytosol

Answer 1

contains many metabolic pathways, protein synthesis, the cytoskeleton

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

contains main genome; DNA and RNA syntehsis

Question 3

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

synthesis of most lipids; synthesis of proteins for distribution to many organelles and to the plasma membrane

Question 4

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 4

modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids for either secretion or delivery to another organelle

Question 5

lysosomes

Answer 5

intracellular degradation

Question 6

endosomes

Answer 6

sorting of endocytosed material

Question 7

mitochondria

Answer 7

ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation

Question 8

chloroplasts

Answer 8

ATP synthesis and carbon fixation by photosynthesis

Question 9

peroxisomes

Answer 9

oxidation of toxic molecules

Question 10

precursor cells to the membrane-bound organelles

Answer 10

all membranous functions at the plasma membrane for control and diffusion limitation

Question 11

endomembrane system

Answer 11

arose from the invagination of the plasma membrane
ie, ER, nuclear envelope
advantageous because more surface area, protection, and compartmentalization

Question 12

endosymbiosis

Answer 12

engulfing of mitochondria was advantageous because it provided more power