Exam 1 Part 6 Flashcards

1
Q

functions of membranes in cells

A
  1. barrier/boundary (protection)
  2. area for localization of proteins
  3. areas of localized communication
  4. import/export
  5. movement
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2
Q

animal membrane makeup

A

40% lipids
50% proteins
10% carbohydrates

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3
Q

how membranes change fluidity

A

change saturation and unsaturation of lipid tails with dB

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4
Q

formation of sealed compartments

A

planar phospholipid bilayer with edges exposed to water

self-sealable because of energies

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5
Q

membrane movements

A

lateral movements, rotations, bending

flip-flops are rare without enzymes

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6
Q

fluidity of membrane depends upon

A
  1. bonds
  2. FA tail lenght (shorter, more fluid, longer, more viscious)
  3. amount of cholesterol
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7
Q

cholesterol

A

can fit in between unsaturated area which can make it more viscious

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8
Q

lipid rafts

A

localization sites
keeps stuff all in the same area
pack stuff that need to be in one area together
makes membrane asymmetric

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9
Q

synthesis of membranes…

A

start in endoplasmic reticulum

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10
Q

scramblase

A

moves random phospholipids from one ER membrane side to the other

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11
Q

Flippase

A

transfers specific phospholipids from Golgi membrane side to cytosolic side
-leads to asymmetry

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12
Q

membrane protein types

A

transporters and channels
anchors
receptors
enzymes

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13
Q

transporters and channels

A

allow things to pass through membrane like glucose, ions, a.a.,metabolites

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14
Q

anchors

A

anchors things like actin to a specific area

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15
Q

receptors

A

receive hormones, neurotransmitters on the surface of the membrane

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16
Q

enzymes

A

involve signalling in the cell

17
Q

hydropathy plot

A

based on whether R groups are hydrophobic or hydrophilic

18
Q

how membranes associate with the membrane

A

transmembrane
monolayer-associated a-helix
lipid-linked
protein-attached

19
Q

cell cortex

A

fibers that hold up the membrane

20
Q

glycocalyx

A

carbohydrates surrounding the cell

21
Q

functions of carbohydrate layer

A

lubrication
protection
recognition

22
Q

when studying cell membranes…

A

you need to hide hydrophobic regions so that they go into solution

23
Q

FRAP

A

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching

24
Q

SPT

A

single particle tracking