Exam 1

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

smallest functional unit of life

Question 2

Robert Hooke

Answer 2

Experimental curator in 1665 - looked at cork cells and coined the term cell after monastery cells

Question 3

Antoni van Leuwenhoek

Answer 3

1670s - made glass lenses for microscope- approx. 200x magnification (one lens) 1st to see living cells

Question 4

Cell theory

Answer 4

1. all organisms consist of one or many cells
2. cells are the basic unit of all organisms
3. all cells come from preexisting cells

Question 5

Eduard Strasbuger

Answer 5

1880 - drew time lapse observations of a a cell dividing

Question 6

Microscopy goal

Answer 6

Decipher the underlying principles that govern the structure and activity of a cell

Question 7

Powers of Microscopy

Answer 7

magnification and resolution

Question 8

Magnification

Answer 8

ability to make an object appear larger

Question 9

resolution

Answer 9

ability to distinguish two objects from each other (as being separate)

Question 10

Resolution equation

Answer 10

d = (0.5wavelength)/nsin theta)

Question 11

n sin theta

Answer 11

numerical aperature

denominator of resolution equation

Question 12

Ways to increase resolution

Answer 12

need to make d smaller, so decrease wavelength or increase theta or n

Question 13

n of resolution equation

Answer 13

reflective index of medium you are using
air=1
oil=1.5
water = 1.3

Question 14

condensor

Answer 14

focuses field on microscope

Question 15

light microscopy

Answer 15

bright-light microscopy

see dead or alive cells

Question 16

stained light micrographys

Answer 16

fix and stain cells (killing them)

need to have controls

Question 17

bright-field microscopy

Answer 17

simple light microscopy

Question 18

phase contrast microscopy

Answer 18

variation of light microscopy with dark shadows

Question 19

differential interference contrast (DIC)

Answer 19

light from bottom and sides of light microscopy

Question 20

fluorescence microscopy

Answer 20

excitation and emission
uses different wave lengths
need fluorescence like GFP

Question 21

fluorescent probes

Answer 21

uses light such as green and red