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Oral Pathology > exam 2- lecture 1 > Flashcards

exam 2- lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

dry eyes

A

xeropthalmia

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2
Q

this is a lab test to determine the level of a specific antibody in the blood

A

antibody titer

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3
Q

disease characterized by the formation of granulomas

A

granulomatous disease

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4
Q

disease characterized by injury of ones own tissues caused by a cell mediated or humoral response

A

autoimmune disease

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5
Q

these occur as a result of part of an individuals own body becomes antigens

A

autoimmune disease

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6
Q

stimulates WBC’s population growth

A

interleukins

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7
Q

dry mouth

A

xerostomia

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8
Q

this renders the antigen inactive

A

antigen-antibody complex

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9
Q

administered y injection

A

parenteral

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10
Q

immunity predominated by antibodies

A

humoral immunity

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11
Q

what is it called when antibody combines with an antigen?

A

immune complex

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12
Q

what are the specific immunoglobulins circulating in the blood serum?

A

IgG, IgM, IgE, IgA, IgD (gamed)

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13
Q

itching

A

pruritis

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14
Q

these produce a specific antibody needed to fight the antigen. They also consist of immunoglobulins, immune complex

A

plasma cell

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15
Q

antiviral actitives

A

interferon

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16
Q

what do lymphocytes produce and what are their functions?

A

lymphokines

change monocytes to macrophages

inhibit migration of macrophages so they stay in needed area

activate macrophages

enhance ability of macrophages to destroy foreign cells (phagocytosis)

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17
Q

B cell; lymphatic tissue that matures into plasma cells which produce antibodies

A

B lymphocyte

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18
Q

type of immunopathologic condition that involves deficiency in number, function, or interrelationships of the involved WBC’s and their products- AIDS

A

Immunodeficiency

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19
Q

these are the primary WBC’s involved in immune response, recognize/respond to antigens
NK cell-viral infections

A

Lymphocytes

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20
Q

protein molecule (immunoglobin) produced by plasma cells and reacts with a specific antigen

A

antibody

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21
Q

this defends the body against injury, particularly from foreign substances such as microorganisms

A

immune response

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22
Q

these travel to the thymus

A

T-Lymphocytes

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23
Q

the superficial layer of epithelium sloughs off when firm, sliding manual pressure is applied

A

Nicolskys sign

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24
Q

a hypersensitive state acquired through exposure to an allergen

A

allergy

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25
Q

What cells are involved in the immune response?

A 
B lymphocytes (B cells)-eosinophils
T lymphocytes (T cells)-Mast cells
Macrophages- Natural Killer (NK) cells
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26
Q

what are the types of immunity?

A

active and passive

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27
Q

dissolution of intercellular bridges of the prickle cell layer of epithelium

A

acantholysis

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28
Q

protein (IgM) that is detected in serum associated with rheumatoid arthritis

A

Rheumatoid factor

29
Q

lymph organ in chest that produces T lymphocytes

A

thymus

30
Q

these increase the functioning of B lymphocytes and enhances the antibody response

A

T helper cells

31
Q

these are foreign substances against which the immune system defends the body, mainly proteins, often microorganisms and their toxins

A

antigens

32
Q

combo of antibody and antigen

A

immune complex

33
Q

antibody that reacts against an antigenic constituent of a persons own body

A

autoantibody

34
Q

antibody combines with an antigen bound to the surface of tissue cells, incompatible blood transfusions, Rhesus Incompatibility (RH), ex: autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

type II (Cytotoxic)

35
Q

what are the different types of T lymphocytes?

A

T- Helper cells

T- suppressor cells

36
Q

immune complexes are formed between microorganisms and antibody in circulating blood, causes phagocytosis/death of the neutrophils with the release of lysosomal enzymes causing tissue destruction..ex: systemic lupus erythematous

A

type III (Immune complex)

37
Q

state of altered reactivity whereby the body reacts to the foreign agents with exaggerated immune response

A

hypersensitivity

38
Q

large mononuclear phagocyte that assists in an immune response

A

macrophage

39
Q

tissue composed of lymphocytes and a meshwork of CT

A

lymphoid tissue

40
Q

infection (herpes) that involves the distal phalanx of a finger

A

whitlow

41
Q

immunity predominated by T lymphocytes

A

cell mediated immunity

42
Q

these are from stem cells in bone marrow and they mature in lymphatic tissue (lymph nodes).. and have two types

A

B lymphocytes

2 types: plasma cells, B memory cell

43
Q

this occurs immediately after exposure to a previously encountered antigen (Penicillin), IgE causes mast cells to release histamine, can be life threatening because pt. may not be able to breath. examples: hayfever, asthma

A

type I (anaphylaxis)

44
Q

using antibodies produced by another person to protect an individual from infectious disease.. antibody from another passes thru the placenta to a developing fetus..bone marrow transplant

A

passive immunity

45
Q

what are the divisions of immune response?

A

humoral response

cell-mediated immune response

46
Q

cell characteristic of lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases

A

LE cell

47
Q

this si when a mothers antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the newborns RBC’s

A

Rhesus incompatibility

48
Q

allergic reactions with exaggerated responses and tissue destruction

A

hypersensitivity

49
Q

destruction of fibrolasts

A

lymphotoxin

50
Q

the study of immune reactions involved in disease

A

immunopathology

51
Q

this has the capacity to remember and responds more quickly when a substance enters the body to a second time

A

immune response

52
Q

these suppress the functioning of the B lymphocytes and T- Killer cells that are active in surveillance against virally infected cells of tumor cells

A

T- Suppressor cells

53
Q

these can occur naturally or can e acquired via vaccination, immunization, sometimes requires a booster (ex-tetanis)

A

active immunity

54
Q

delayed hypersensitivity-cell mediated response-cell mediated response-

tuberculin test (PPD)(Mantoux), skin reaction occurs if tested has previously been exposed to the organism causing TB

respons. for the rejection of tissue, grafts,transplanted organs

A

type IV (cell-mediated)

55
Q

T lymphocytes and macrophages

A

cel (l mediated immune response (cmi)

56
Q

involves the production of antibodies (B lymphocytes primary)

A

humoral response

57
Q

mucosal infammation

A

mucositis

58
Q

2nd type of B lymphocyte and retains the memory of previously encountered antigen and the duplicates

A

B memory cell

59
Q

T cell.. maturs in thymus and helps with cell mediated immunity

A

T lymphocyte

60
Q

deficiency of the immune response resulting from hypoactivity or decreased numbers of lymphoid cells

A

immunodeficiency

61
Q

allergic reaction causing the release of vasoactive substances such as histaime; causes respiratory distress

A

anaphylaxis

62
Q

what are some characteristics of hypersensitivity to drugs?

A

drugs can act as antigens
patients with multiple allergies are more likely to have allergic reactions to drug
causes a type I allergy
anaphylaxis, urticaria and angioedema systemic anaphylaxis can be fatal
penicillin 300 deaths per year

63
Q

what do lymphokines consist of?

A

interleukins
lymphotoxin
interferon

64
Q

disease caused by a microorganism that does not ordinarily cause a disease but becomes pathogenic under certain circumstances

A

opportunistic infection

65
Q

tumor like mass of inflammatory tissue of macrophages surrounded by lymphocytes

A

granuloma

66
Q

this is active in phagocytosis, link between the inflammatory and immune responses and can act as antigen-presenting cells

A

macrophages

67
Q

a microorganism that causes disease

A

pathogenic microorganism

68
Q

the increased responsiveness that results from the retained memory of an already encountered antigen

A

immunity

Oral Pathology (15 decks)

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