Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Plant, Algal, Fungal Diversity/Adaptation > exam 2 (lect 14,15) > Flashcards

exam 2 (lect 14,15) Flashcards

1
Q

rhodophyta from which supergroup

A

archaeplastida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

red algae forms

A

rhodophyta

unicell, filaments with apical growth, large blades of filaments, true parenchyma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

parenchyma

A

meristems from which cell div can occur in any plane, 3D growth, true tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pseudoparenchyma

A

aggregation of numerous, intertwined, branched filaments that collectively form thallus
held together by mucilages
ex heribaudiella brown algae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

char of red alge

A

5000 species
small genomes w few introns
mostly marine, few freshwater
most LACK flagelalated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when did red algae diverge

A

after glaucophytes, before green algae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

photosyn in red alge

A

chloroplasts have no grana (unstakced) w phycobilisomes

chlorophyll a + phycobilins that help absorb Blue-green light in deep water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

phycobilins in red algae

A

mask chlorophyll a color
red color
blue light in deep water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

red algae diff from cyano

A

lose peptidoglycan
retain phycobilisome
unstacked thylakoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

flagellated in red algae

A

typically in:
1. unicell algae
2. male gametes (oogamous, diff)
limited amoeboid movement but NO flagella, passive movement in water currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

rhodelphidia

A

new phylum

  1. non-photosynthetic predators
  2. have flagella
  3. gene-rich genome w many introns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

rhodelphidia impact on red algae evol

A 
mixotropic ancestor (phagotrophy and autotrophy)
multiple convergent losses of phagotrophy in nearly all archaeplastida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

porphyra life cycle

A

biphasic (2) alternation of generation
gameophyte is genetic chimera
unisexual haploid gametophyte (male and female leaves)
gametes retained on margins of gametophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

zygotospore in porphyra life cycle

A

fertilized

grow on shell substrate intro conchocelis (branched filamentous) produces conchospores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

genetic chimera

A

porphyra
germination of conchospore
meiosis occurs so 2 types of cell genetics in each blade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

discovery of prophyra life cycle

A

kathleen drew baker
conchocelis pahse
commercializa of aquaculture production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

general polysiphonia life cycle

A

red algae
3 generations. most filamentous red algae
triphasic alternation of generations
gametophyte (n), carposporophyte (2n), tetrasporophyte (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

triphasic alt of gen polysiphonia

A

apparent stage is gametophyte n
gametophyte and tetrasporophyte are isomorphic (resemble, like ulva)
carposporophyte (2n) is not free living but multicell struct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

tetrasporophyte

A

similar to gametophyte, free living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

carposporophyte

A

not free living
surrounded by tissue from female hap
multicell struct
zygote does not immediately divide to produced spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

phytoplankton

A

photosyn algae and cyanobacteria suspended in bodies of fresh or saalt water
primary producer
half of plant biomass
absorb 50% of CO2 prod by humans

22
Q

secondary endosymbiosis of red algae

A

dinoflagekkates, diatoms, haptophtes, brown algae absorbed red algae
secondary symbionts of red algae

23
Q

haptophyta

A

coccolithophores

24
Q

dinoflagellata

A

dinoflaggelates

25
Q

bacillariophyta

A

diatoms

26
Q

phaeophyta

A

brown algae

27
Q

chlorophyll a

A

every photosyn eukaryote

28
Q

chlorophyll b

A

accessory pigment in green algae and land plants. transfer E to chlorophyll A

29
Q

chlorophyll c

A

accessory in marine algae, similar role to chlorophyll b

30
Q

haptophyta/cocclithophores

A 
300 sepcies
marine, freshwater, terrestrial
unicell and colonial
autotrophic, mixotrophic
chlorophyll a,c
huxley discovered
31
Q

haptophyte struct

A

2 flagella and haptonema (other cytoskeletal organelle, not for motility)
haptonema can assist with catching prey food
some covered with calcified scales called coccoliths (coccolithophorids)

32
Q

cocoliths

A

may be secreted thru golgi bodies or at cell surface
calcium carbonate
single largest component of deep sea sediments
chalk (living sediments)

33
Q

dinophyta/dinoflagellates

A 
2000-4000
marine and freshwater
unicell
autotrophic (~50%) or mixotrophic or hetertrophic
chlorophyll a, c
34
Q

dinophyta struct

A

cell surface made of cellulose plates (theca, organic C)
2 flagella: one in transverse groove (around organism), one trailing
beat of flagella makes cells spin

35
Q

dinoflaellates in coral

A

zooxanthellae
reside in endoderm of cnidarians (animals) and provide photosynthesis products, receive inorganic nutrients
coral bleaching caused by loss/explusion of zooxanthellae

36
Q

bioluminescence

A

dinoflag
mechanical disturbance, predators, waves
light cast on predators attract other predators

37
Q

alveolata member

A

dinoflagellates

38
Q

stramenopilla member

A

diatoms and brown algae

39
Q

stramenopiles

A

heterokonts
diatoms, brown algae
motile stage of life cycle has 2 distinct flagella (tinsel and whiplash)
tinsel is branch, whiplash is standard

40
Q

bacillariophyta/diatoms

A 
centric or pennate
silica-based SiO2 pill boxes
marine, freshwater
10K-12K species
unicell or colonial
20-25% of global C fix
41
Q

centric diatoms

A

radial symmetry, float, mainly planktonic and marine

42
Q

pennate diatoms

A

bilateral, bottom dwelling, on vegetation, also planktonic

43
Q

diatom cell wall

A

frustule
two overlapping halves (cell walls)
silica
asexual reproduction by cell division

44
Q

life cycle of centric diatom

A

cyclotella
no alt of generations
gametic meiosis, diploid dominant
gametes are haploid phase
male gametes have heterokont flagella (motile)
zygote/ausospore
asexual until smaller and smaller then meiosis

45
Q

diatom deposits

A

diatomaceaous earth

kills insects b/c of microscopic shard of glass/silica

46
Q

brown algae/phaeophyta

A

heterokont gametes and zoospores
1500 species
mostly marine in temperate and cold waters
filamentous and morphologically complex thalli (blades)

47
Q

ectocarpus

A

brown algae

simplest, branched filament

48
Q

brown algae life cycles

A 
mose have sporic meiosis (SAR, laminaria). conspicuous sporophyte and inconspicuous gametophyte
gametic meiosis (fucus). has only sporophyte and gametes
49
Q

kelps

A

brown algae
large, highly differentiated, sporic meiosis (alt of gen)
holdfast and bladder for buoyancy
ex. macrocystis

50
Q

purple sea urchin and kelp

A 
sea star (predator of urchin) die and inc urchin count
mass mortality of red abalone (led to kelp dec)

Plant, Algal, Fungal Diversity/Adaptation (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions