exam 2 final Flashcards
_____ groups are groups where all members are similar in one or several ways that are critical to the groups work
homogenous
____ groups are groups where all members differ in one or several ways that are critical to the groups work
heterogeneous
group___ is defined as the degree of unity or solidarity of the group
cohesiveness
in the asa framework the “s” stands for____
selection
___ is the belief that other people will honor their commitments, especially when this is difficult to inforce
trust
it was stated in class that a bank is a good example of _____ interdependence
pooled
it was stated in class that an assembly line is a good example of __ interdependence
sequintal
____ which is the opposite of social loafing, occurs when people are motivated to look good to others
social facilitation
____conformity is when an individual changes his/her behavior to meet the norms and expectations of the group to not be rejected by the group
normative
___ is a term that means an individual changes his behavior in order to conform however, those changes are just the behaviors that he feels should be displayed in order to conform and not behaviors that he truly believes are the most important
compliance
___ conformity is associated with social roles
identification
in the asch conformity video we watched in class, the two key determinants to limit conformity were group___ and group ___
`
anonymity/unanonmity
in the Asch conformity video we watched in class, the experiment consisted of the participants comparing____
lengths of lines
three mental processes involved in the social identity theory
Social Categorization
Social Identification –
Social Comparison -.
____ is a tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses
confirmatory bias
___ is a phenomenon in which a disagreement between groups becomes more extreme as the different parties consider evidence on the issue
group polarization
___ theory states that a person sense of who they are is based on their group membership
social identity
which of the big five personality traits was defined as being “organized systematic careful, through, responsibile, and self disciplined
conscientiousness
which of the big five personality traits is the best predictor of future behavior
conscientiousness
____ is the extent to which an individual believes that his circumstances are a function of his own actions and are therefore under his control
locus of control
type__ persontlatiy is defined as intense desire to achieve, ambitous, anxious, impatient rigidly organized, and proactive.
a
when an individual is very overconfident, has enormous pride in himself/herself and is extremely arrogent, we say that person has a very high degree of ___
hubris
____ is a personality trait that is defined as an individuals belief about his/her capabilities to perform a task.
self efficacy
the ___ framework is a questionnaire that many organizations use to assess personality types
myers-briggs
the set of process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets what they see, hear touch, smell and taste to givee meaning and order to the world around them is referred to as__
personality
a__ is a mental concept that informs a person about what to expect from a variety of experiences and situations
schema
___ information is defined as information whose meaning is not clear allowing it to be interpreted in multiple or conflicting ways
ambigous
____ is defined as allowing strong prior beliefs about a relationship between variables to influence decisions based on these beliefs even when evidence shows they are wrong
prior hypothesis
if a perception error was made based on a small sample or single episode we can say that a perception error was made because of
Representativeness
a/an ____ perspective is based on the concept of moral absolutism
universal
_____ rationality is based on what the individual knows, feels, values, and perceives to be true
bounded
______ level of moral development states that self-interest motivates behavior to meet ones needs to gain rewards and avoid punishment.
pre-conventional
ethical___ is a quandary people find themselves in when they have to decide if they should act in one way or another.
dilemma
the___ ethical decision making rule states that an ethical decision should be one that a manager has no hesitation about communicating to people outside the company because the typical person in a society would think the decision is acceptable
practical
the__ ethical decision- making rule states that an ethiical decision should produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people
utilarian
it was stated in class that the government has the right to seize your propert using the utilitarian ethical decision making rule. when they do this it is referred to as ___
eminent domain
___ fairness is defined as the perceived fairness of the outcome received
distributive
_____ theory explores the ways in which people ecplain their own behavior and the behavior of others
attribution
the fundamental attribution error states we tend to
take credit forr good things that happen while blaming others for bad things that happen
the mental discomfort a person experiences
as a result of having two or more contradicting attitudes, beliefs,
ideas, values or when a person behaves in a fashion that is
inconsistent with their beliefs or values
cognitive dissonance
in class we used the parable if the ____ to demonstrate the above mental discomfort
fox and the grapes
_____ is another name for “self-justification”
rationalization
____ is a common self-justication that is defined as the process of using cosmetic words to make the behavior sound acceptable
diffusion of meaning
” i have taken a few office supplies home with me but jane and bill took much more than i did”” this is an example of commmon self-justification
advantageous comparison
john would not accept the fact that he made a bad decision instead, he decided to spend even more time and money on his decision. this is an example of
escalating commintment
which of the five types of “conflict management stradegies: is described as when parties try to satisfy thier goals without making consessions by coming up with a new way to resolve their differences that leaves them both better off
collaboration
which of the five types of “conflict management strategies” is defined as when each party tries to maximize its own gain and has little interest in understanding the others position
competition
___ goals are goals of the overall organization which is more important to the well-being of the the organization and its members than the more specific goals of the conflicting parties
superordinate
in class an example of negotiaiting using the above types of goals was given which of these is that example
a marriage counselor negotiating with a couple
__ are third party negotiators who facilitates negotiation but can also impose what he/she thinks is a fair solution to a conflict that both parties are obligated to abide by
arbitrators
