chapter 7 communication Flashcards
Communications definition
The social process in which two or more parties exchange information
One-Way Communication
Information flows only in one direction
Two-Way Communication
Receiver provides feedback to a sender
three parts of communication process
sender, medium/channel, receiver
what is the sender
The person sending the message.
Receiver
The person who receives the message
Medium/Channel
How you send the message.
(Voice, body language, phone, email, text, letter, bulletin, etc.)
Channel Richness
is the ability of a channel to carry nonverbal cues, provide rapid feedback,
convey personality, and support natural language use
Encoding
The sender translates the message from an idea or thought into transmittable symbols that can be put on a medium.
Decoding
The receiver translates the message into what the perceive the message means
Communication Fidelity
the degree of correspondence between the message intended by the source and the message understood by the receiver
Noise
– Anything that blocks, distorts, or changes in any way the message the sender intended to communicate
Feedback
The receiver of the message communicates back to the sender
Selective Perception
We selectively see and hear based on our expectations and beliefs
Filtering
Information is intentionally withheld, ignored, or distorted to influence the message that is ultimately received
Information Overload
A condition in which information inflow exceeds an individual’s processing capacity.
Organizational Barriers
A firm’s hierarchical structure and culture can influence who is allowed to communicate what to whom, and may limit how messages can be sent
Cultural Barriers
Different national cultures have different ways of expressing things
Personality
Differences in personality may lead to less fidelity.
Personal Feelings
We may let our feelings toward others to effect our communications.
Language
study of language for Words have different meanings to different people
Jargon
Is the specialized or technical language of a trade, profession or social group
Oral Communication
(Spoken Words)
Written Communication
(Written Words) (Letters, emails, texts, etc.)
Advantages: Tangible and verifiable
Disadvantages: Time-consuming and lacks feedback
Nonverbal Communication
(Communication that is not spoken or written)
oral
written
nonverbal communication
three types of communication
Verbal Intonation
The emphasis given to spoken words and phrases.
Paralanguage
Consists of variations in speech
Verbal and para language
two types of oral communication
Communication without words
Study by Albert Mehrabian
Verbal –
Vocal –
Facial expressions
Three sources of communication cues in face-to-face
communication:
Body Language
Unconscious motions such as a gesture or expression
that conveys information to others.
Facial Expressions
A type of body language that shows emotion
Proxemics
The study of an individual’s perception in relationship to space or comfort zone
Kinesics
The study of body movement
oculesics
is the attitude toward gaze and eye contact
Olfactics
is the attitude toward smell.
Haptics
– is the attitude toward touch or body contact
