Exam 2 Cont. Flashcards
Benign epithelial growths on skin or mucus membranes
Warts
MC warts
Fingers and toes (seed warts)
Plantar warts are found
On soles of the feet
Flat warts
Warts located on trunk, face, elbow, and knees
Human Paillomavirus (HPV)
Causes warts
Warts are transmittted via
Direct contact and fomites.
Autoinoculation with warts
warts can spread from one location to another on the person
Exanthems
Rash
5 classical childhood exanthems
- Rubeola (measles)
- Scarlet fever
- Rubella (German measles)
- Erythema infectiosum
- Roseola
Measles AKA
Rubeola
Koplik’s spots
White spots that appear in the mouth of those infected with measles
Complications of measles
Pneumonia, encephalitis, subacute sclerosis’s panencephalitis (SSPE)
Measles virus
Pathogen causing measles
Measles is ______ contagious
Highly
Infectious for 4 days pre-rash and 4 days after rash appears
Spread of measles
Respiratory droplets
-humans are the only host
Vaccine for measles
MMR
Rubella AKA
German Measles or 3-day measles
Characteristics of German measles
Rash of flat, pink to red spots
Rubella infection in children is
Not serious
Adult Rubella infection
More dangerous than children. Develop arthritis or encephalitis
Extra dangerous in pregnant women
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Infection of pregnant women can cause birth defects or death of the fetus by crossing the placenta.
Mom will be fine, baby is not
Rubella virus
Rubella pathogen
Spread of German Measles
Respiratory secretions
MMR vaccine
Mumps, Measles, Rubella
Rubella vaccine
Aimed at preventing rubella infections in women
Congenital Rubella syndrome can cause
Cloudy corneas or white appearance to pupil, deafness, developmental delay, low birth weight, intellectual disability, seizures, and microcephaly in children
Spontaneous abortion occurs in ____% of cases with CRS
20%
Erythema infectiosum AKA
Fifth disease
Common symptom of fifth disease
Slapped cheek syndrome
Erythema infectil sum is a ______ disease that manifests as a rash
Respiratory
sunlight aggravates this condition
Fifth disease
Parvovirus B19
Pathogen causing erythema infectiosum/ fifth disease
Spread of erythema infectiosum
Respiratory droplets
Once rash is present the person is no longer infectious
Symptoms of roseola
Abrupt fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, pink rash on face, neck, trunk, and thighs
Roseola can cause _________ like symptoms
Mononucleosis
Diseases that may be linked to roseola
AIDS and multiple sclerosis
Human Herpesvirus-6
Pathogen causing roseola
Spread of roseola
Person to person by transfer of oral secretions
Mycoses are caused by
Fungi
2 Characteristics of Mycoses
Opportunistic
Not contagious
Piedra
Irregular nodes on hair shaft. White and black forms
Black piedra forms
Hard, black nodules
White piedra forms
Soft, gray to white nodules
Piedraia hortae
Black piedra
Tricosporon beigelii
White piedra
Spread of piedra
Person to person contact or environmental exposure (shared hair brushes and combs)
Treatment of piedra
Shaving infected hair
Pityriasis versicolor AKA
Tinea versicolor
Pityriasis versicolor
Hypo or hyperpigmented patches of skin on trunk, shoulders, and arms
Malassezia furfur causes
Pityriasis versicolor
Spread of pityriasis versicolor
Person to person contact or environmental exposure
Tanning beds
Diagnosed by a green color under UV light
Pityriasis versicolor
Cutaneous mycoses
Cutaneous infections caused by dermatophytes
Cutaneous mycoses AKA
Ringworm… but there are NO worms involved. It’s a fungus
Transmission of cutaneous mycoses
Between people via fomites
Dermatophytoses are ______ and aggravated by ________
Often itchy; aggravated by heat and moisture
Diagnosing dermatophytoses
KOH preparation of skin or nail sample
Tinea pedis
Athlete’s foot