exam 2: chapter 12 Flashcards
list the risk and environmental factors that contribute to the development of certain types of cancer
o Tobacco – leading cause of preventable death in the US
o Alcohol – no safe limit
o indoor
o outdoor air pollution
o Lack of fruit & vegetables
o Processed/red meat
o Lack of fiber
o Hyperglycemia/diabetes
o Overweight
o Lack of physical exercise
o Post-menopause
o Infection
o Ionizing radiation
o Occupational hazard
o Reproduction
o Sun exposure and sunbeds
human papillomavirus can cause which kinds of cancer?
cervix, penis, vulva, anus, oropharynx
helicobacter pylori can cause __________ cancer
a. liver
b. stomach
c. pancreatic
d. bone
b. stomach
HBV and HCV account for a large majority of _______ cancer
a. stomach
b. bone
c. liver
d. pancreatic
c. liver
Which of the following is TRUE regarding environmental risk factors and the development of cancer?
A. Chronic alcoholism is linked to lung cancer. B. Human papillomavirus can cause liver cancer. C. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is linked to breast cancer. D. Physical activity reduces the risk of breast cancer and colon cancer.
D. Physical activity reduces the risk of breast cancer and colon cancer
Among females, _________ cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer.
A. lung
B. uterine
C. breast
D. bladder
c. breast
A carcinogenic agent associated with stomach cancer is:
A. Asbestos
B. Heliobacter pylori (H. pylori)
C. Frank’s red hot sauce
D. Hepatitis B
B. Helicobacter pylori
Key associations of cancer include: (Choose all that apply)
A. infection exposure
B. sun exposure
C. tobacco use
D. ingestion of processed red meats
E. alcohol use
F. appropriate pysical exercise
G. overweight status
A, B, C, D, E, G
Cancer-causing substances are known as __________.
A. mutagens
B. carcinogens
B. carcinogens
define particulate matter
particles and liquid droplets made up of acids, organic chemicals, metal, and dust particles
describe the difference between primary particles and secondary particles
Primary particles: emitted directly from source (construction sites, smoke stacks)
Secondary particles: emitted from power plants, industries, and automobiles
which is generally worse, indoor pollution or outdoor pollution?
Indoor pollution
define xenobiotics
substances that are foreign to the body
Toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic chemicals in food
Dietary components can be activated into carcinogens or can prevent cancer
what is the most common STD in the United States?
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
HBV and HCV account for large majority of ______ cancers
a. liver
b. pancreas
c. lung
a. liver
