Chapter 7 Flashcards
define and give examples of active immunity
active immunity: actual exposure to antigen and production of antibodies occurs
ex: immunization, actual disease
define and give examples of passive immunity
passive immunity: per the placenta, breastmilk, infusion of monoclonal antibodies
Ex: preformed antibodies or T-cells are received
describe the structure and function of Immunoglobin G (IgG)
IgG is transported across the placenta and it provides immune protection for infants in the first 6 months of life
where is IgA-2 predominantly found”
In body secretions (secretory immune system)
Secretory IgA (SIgA) serves as
the first line of defense in protecting the intestinal epithelium from enteric toxins and pathogenic microorganisms
which antibody is first produced during the primary response?
Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
which antibody is the mediator of many common allergic responses and defender against parasites?
IgE
contrast humoral and cell-mediated cells
humoral: b cell antibodies that bind to antigens on bacteria and viruses
t cells come from the thymus and can turn into regulator T cells or effector T cells. perform immune response that does not involve antibodies. rather cell-mediated immunity is the phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in the antigen
compare and contrast the general understanding of clonal diversity and clonal selection
Clonal Diversity: 2nd phase of the immune response
- takes place in the primary (central) lymphoid organs (thymus, bone marrow)
- results in immunocompetent T and B cells
- primarily occurs in the fetus
- B cell development: Production, proliferation, differentiation in bone marrow
- T cells: developed in the thymus
clonal selection: a process by which the body produces B and T cells to respond to infection
Which of the following terms describes the type of immunity that occurs when pre-formed antibodies transfer from donor to recipient (an infusion of IVIg)?
A. Active
B. Passive
C. Cellular
D. Memory
B. Passive
A person with a history of allergies or an active infestation of tapeworms would be expected to have elevated
a. IgA
b. IgE
c. IgG
d. IgM
b. IgE
An adolescent is being seen for signs and symptoms of mononucleosis (kissing disease). How can we learn what phase of the illness they are in at this time? And whether they have that had it previously.
IgM can tell you how far along
IgG can tell if they’ve had it before
A(n) _________ is a molecule that can bind with antibodies or antigen receptors on B and T cells
a. memory cell
b. cytotoxic cell
c. mast cell
d. antigen
d. antigen
The 3rd line of defense in the human body is ______ immunity
a. active
b. innate
c. passive
d. adaptive
d. adaptive
Antibodies that circulate in the blood and defend against extracellular antigens is referred to as _________ immunity. whereas T cells in the blood and tissues that defend against intracellular pathogens and abnormal cells is referred to as _______ immunity
a. innate; adaptive
b. humoral; cellular
c. adaptive; innate
d. cellular; humoral
b. humoral; cellular
