Chapter 1 Flashcards
Cellular metabolism energy production WITH oxygen is known as
aerobic
Cellular metabolism energy production WITHOUT oxygen is known as
anaerobic
define diffusion
the movement of solutes from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration
define filtration
the movement of water and solutes through a membrane because of greater force on one side than on the other
such as hydrostatic pressure and blood pressure
define osmosis
the movement of water down a concentration gradient
this controls the distribution of water between body compartments
What is the role of the mitochondria
cellular respiration and energy metabolism
it generates ATP through participation in oxidative phosphorylation
what is the role of the Golgi complex/ Golgi apparatus
processes, secretes, and releases substances, especially proteins from the cells.
modifies and repackages into secretory granules for transport within the cell or to export out of the cell
responsible for processing and packaging proteins into secretory vesicles
Ex. insulin
what is the role of lysosomes
known as the digestive system of the cell.
gets rid of waste with the release of enzymes and aid in cellular self-destruction
What is the role of peroxisomes?
Contains oxidative enzymes, detoxify compounds into fatty acids, synthesized phospholipids for nerve cell myelination
what is the function of ribosomes
Sites of protein synthesis in the cell
The function of cellular energy metabolism and generation of most of the cell’s adenosine triphosphate (ATP) occurs in the:
a. Nucleus
b. Lysosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Golgi complex
c. Mitochondria
________ is the passive movement of a solute from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration
a. hydrostatic pressure
b. osmosis
c. filtration
d. diffusion
d. diffusion
When describing cellular metabolism, _________ refers to the building up of body tissues and energy stores, while _________ refers to the breaking down of body tissues and energy stores to get more fuel for body functions
a. anabolism; catabolism
b. catabolism; anabolism
a. anabolism; catabolism
_______ is the movement of water and solutes through a membrane because of a greater pressure (force) on one side of the membrane versus the other
a. active transport
d. diffusion
c. filtration
d. osmosis
C. Filtration
________ contains no organelles, and its nuclear material is not encased by a nuclear membrane
a. Prokaryotes
b. Eukaryotes
a. Prokaryotes
