exam 2: cardiorespiratory, lungs, pleura, thoracic Flashcards
what view is this from?
label left and right?
ventral view
1. right
2. left
Label parts of the right lung
- caudal lobe
- middle lobe
- cranial lobe
(from lateral right/costal view)
right lung:
where is the cardiac notch located?
At 3rd - 4th - 5th intercostal spaces
The basal( caudal) boarder of the right lung is located at
what is highlighted in yellow
Costodiaphragmatic recess
what is outlined in red
Caudal border of the diaphragm
label 1 and 2 of the right lung from the Medial view (mediastinal view)
- Hilus
- Accessory lobe
what is being pointed to in blue
Impression of Caudal vena cava
label the lobes of the right lung 1-3
- caudal lobe
- accessory lobe
- middle lobe
a groove, cleft or the space in an organ where blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and other
ducts (depending the organ) enter or exit through it
Hilus
Label the parts of the left lung 1-3
1.Cranial lobe-Cranial part
2.Cranial lobe-Caudal par
3.Caudal lobe
what is circled in red
hilus
Left ventricle -apex of the heart is located at what intercostal space
5th – 6th intercostal space
Basal (caudal) border of the left lung
In the trachea there are approximately 35C shaped _________ form the skeleton of the trachea.
hyaline cartilages
the trachea has ______ ligaments
Annular
label the parts of the trachea
- cervical
- thoracic
Ridge of the last tracheal cartilage is called
Carina
what is being pointed to
Tracheal Bifurcation
what is this called
bronchial tree
is number 1 the left or right bronchus
- right bronchus
- left bronchus
what is being pointed to in blue
tracheal bifurcation
what is being pointed to
Lobar bronchi
(secondary bronchi)
what is being pointed to
Segmental bronchi
(tertiary bronchi)
* Bronchiles
* Alveoli
what 2 things do pulmonary ligaments do
– Connect lungs to
mediastinum
– Stabilize caudal lung
lobes
what is being pointed to
pulmonary ligaments
In the dog the tunica muscularis of the esophagus is composed
entirely of ____________ throughout its length
skeletal muscle
In the cat there is a transition from skeletal to smooth muscle as
the esophagus courses caudally from the _________ to the __________.
pharynx
cardia of the stomach
cat esophagus:
Smooth muscle is the predominant type found in the _____________of the esophagus.
caudal 1/3
how many portions are there of the esophagus
Cervical, thoracic & abdominal portions
what is blocked out in blue
the esophagus
label this portion of the aorta
Aortic arch
-Brachiocephalic trunk
-Left subclavian a
label this portion of the aorta
Descending aorta
-Bronchoesophageal a.
-Dorsal intercostal aa.
label this portion of the aorta
Ascending aorta
– Coronary aa
Ascending aorta gives rise to the _______________
right and left coronary arteries
Coronary arteries supply ___________ blood to the heart
oxygen rich
label 1 and 2
1.Left subclavian a
- Brachiocephalic trunk
❑ Left common carotid a.
❑ Right common carotid a.
❑ Right subclavian a.
Label 1-5 of the Left and right subclavian arteries
- Vertebral a.
- Costocervical trunk
- Superficial cervical a
- Axillary a.
- Internal thoracic a.
List the parts of the descending aorta
- Dorsal intercostal aa.
- Bronchoesophageal a.
Intercostal arteries:
Dorsal intercostal aa.
1-3 arise from __________
4-13 arise from _________
– 1-3 arise from costocervical trunk
– 4-13 arise directly from aorta
Intercostal arteries:
Ventral intercostal aa. arise from
Arise from internal thoracic a.
Intercostal arteries:
Dorsal and ventral intercostal arteries
_______________
anastomose
Intercostal arteries:
Additional branches from _____________vessels course cranial to ribs
internal thoracic
what is being pointed to in red
Transverse thoracic m.
label 1 and 2
- Internal thoracic vessels
- Ventral intercostal branches
Veins of the thoracic cavity: Label 1-3
- caudal vena cava
- azygos v.
- cranial vena cava
Veins of the thoracic cavity: Label 1-3
- cosrocervical v
- brachiocephalic v
- internal thoracic v
Only the _______azygos vein develops in the dog and cat (usually)
right
what are the 2 functions of the azygos vein
- Collects blood from dorsal intercostal veins
- Drains into cranial vena cava or right atrium
what vein is being pointed to
Azygos vein
label 1 and 2
Veins of the canine thoracic cavity:
1.Dorsal intercostal veins
2. Ventral intercostal veins
what does the Ventral intercostal veins drain into
Drain into internal thoracic v
what does the Dorsal intercostal veins drain into
Drain into azygos v.
What carries lymph from cisterna chyli (at the level of the diaphragm) to the venous system cranial to the heart (usually drains into jugular vein, cranial vena cava or left brachiocephalic vein)
thoracic duct
what runs with aorta and azygos v.
thoracic duct
Thoracic duct carries lymph from
cisterna chyli
the thoracic duct usually drains into
jugular vein, cranial vena cava or left
brachiocephalic vein
the thoracic duct In the dog, at the level of heart, it passes obliquely from the right to the left, crossing the ____________
esophagus
The thoracic duct in the cat is located __________________________
to the left of the aorta in the caudal part of the mediastinum
Thoracic duct follows esophagus to the _____________
thoracic inlet
Median partition in the thorax; Space between right and left pleural sacs is referred to as
Mediastinum
the mediastinum is bounded by
connective tissue and pleura
what are the 3 regions of the mediastinum
cranial, middle and caudal
is the mediastinum symmetrical
Not symmetrical – deflected to the left in
certain places due to larger right lung
what is significant about the thickness of the mediastinum
Thickness varies in species – delicate in
dog and cat – ruptures easily
T/F Mediastinum ruptures easily
true- delicate in
dog and cat
Thin, loose fold of pleura
that surrounds the caudal vena cava and right
phrenic nerve
Plica vena cava(#14)
Intermediate lobe of right lung sits in a space
(mediastinal recess)
formed by the _________________
plica vena cava and mediastinum
(#14 on picture)
