Exam 2

Question 1

Hyperkalemia may be caused by

Answer 1

Acute or chronic renal failure, hypoaldosteronism, sample hemolysis

Question 2

Which of the following may occur with prolonged vomiting

Answer 2

Ionization of chloride

Question 3

Hemolysis of a patient sample will have the greatest effect on which of the following electrolytes

Answer 3

Potassium and magnesium

Question 4

Serum calcium concentration is controlled by the antagonistic relationship between

Answer 4

Calcitonin and pth

Question 5

A blood gas specimen is stored on Ice if it cannot be performed immediately after collection in order to

Answer 5

Inhibit glycolysis

Question 6

In the plasma, and access in the concentration of bicarbonate with no Exchange in the dissolved CO2 from normal will result in

Answer 6

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 7

What has an effect on pth in bone and or kidney

Answer 7

In bone activates the bone reabsorption process, in kidney it preserves calcium by increasing tubular reabsorption of calcium, in kidney stimulate renal production of active vitamin D

Question 8

The biologically active form of vitamin D is

Answer 8

1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

Question 9

The term chloride shift indicates

Answer 9

Bicarbonate diffuses out of the South while chloride diffuses in

Question 10

Circumstances under which metabolic acidosis can occur

Answer 10

Late stage of salicylate poisoning, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, renal failure, diuretic therapy

Question 11

In red blood cells, the enzyme Carbonic anhydrase CA catalyzes the

Answer 11

Formation of carbonic acid from CO2 and H2O

Question 12

What condition causes an increase in the release of oxygen by hemoglobin

Answer 12

Increase pco2

Question 13

The second largest fraction of anions in plasma

Answer 13

Bicarbonate

Question 14

The most serious the effect or symptom of hyperkalemia is

Answer 14

Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 15

Hypernatremia may be caused by which of the following disorders

Answer 15

Dehydration

Question 16

The oxygen dissociation curve is graphed by plotting which parameters

Answer 16

02 HB saturation vs oxygen tension po2

Question 17

Levels of chloride will passively follow which of the following when being reabsorbed by the kidneys

Answer 17

Sodium

Question 18

The most valuable clinical information with regard to calcium determinations is provided by

Answer 18

Ionized calcium

Question 19

An osmometry method used in some Laboratories is based on which colligative property

Answer 19

Freezing point

Question 20

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus and primarily response to changes in serum osmolality

Answer 20

ADH

Question 21

What is the normal ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in blood

Answer 21

1 to 20 ratio

Question 22

What is the normal ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid in blood

Answer 22

20 to 1 ratio

Question 23

Hypomagnesemia may lead to a decrease in each of the following ions

Answer 23

Calcium, potassium, sodium

Question 24

A patient with a fever of Unknown Origin what exhibit in oxygen dissociation curve that is

Answer 24

Shifted to the right

Question 25

The hormone that causes sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule is

Answer 25

Aldosterone

Question 26

The main regulatory mechanism for maintaining plasma protein levels is

Answer 26

The kidney and cell Exchange

Question 27

Generally speaking, water will follow

Answer 27

Sodium

Question 28

Which anticoagulant is best recommended for analysis of blood gases

Answer 28

Lyophilized heparin. Dry

Question 29

Respiratory acidosis physiological responses

Answer 29

Enhanced urinary excretion of acid, retention of sodium, retention of bicarbonate

Question 30

Valniomycin enhances the selectivity of the electrode used to quantitate

Answer 30

Potassium

Question 31

Blood pco2 may be measured by

Answer 31

A self-contained potentiometric electrode

Question 32

How is respiratory acidosis characterized

Answer 32

Buy decreases in PH and increases in CO2, pco2, hco3