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Clin Chem > Enzymes > Flashcards

Enzymes Flashcards

Exam 1

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1
Q

Enzyme and substrate come together in what phase

A

Lag face

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2
Q

Non protein substances required for normal enzyme activity

A

Cofactor

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3
Q

Protein portion of the enzyme

A

Apoenzyme

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4
Q

Inorganic materials such as minerals, calcium, iron

A

Activator

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5
Q

An organic substance that reversibly combines with a specific protein, the Apoenzyme, and with a substrate to form an active enzyme system

A

Coenzyme

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6
Q

An active substance formed by a combination of coenzyme and Apoenzyme

A

Holoenzyme

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7
Q

Enzyme with the similar enzymatic activity but differ in physical, biochemical, and immunologic characteristics

A

Isoenzyme

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8
Q

What are the three phases of an enzymatic reaction

A

Lag Phase, Linear phase, substrate depletion phase

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9
Q

What are the six main enzyme categories in the international Union of biochemistry classification system

A

Oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases

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10
Q

What are the three CK isoenzyme ‘s

A

CK-MM, CK-BB, CK-MB

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11
Q

What is more specific in acute pancreatitis

A

Lipase

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12
Q

What test is nonspecific for acute pancreatitis

A

Amylase

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13
Q

Vmax is unchanged and km is increased

A

Competitive inhibitor

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14
Q

Km is unaltered and Vmax is decreased

A

Non competitive inhibitor

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15
Q

Vimax is decreased and km is decreased

A

Uncompetitive inhibitor

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16
Q

Activation energy is

A

Decreased by enzymes

17
Q

Serum levels of total CK are elevated after an acute myocardial infarction and in which of the following conditions

A

Duchenne type muscular dystrophy

18
Q

What liver enzyme is the best to use to evaluate liver function

A

Alt

19
Q

Elevation of tissue enzymes in serum may be used to detect

A

Tissue necrosis or damage

20
Q

What tissue has the highest activity of both alt and AST relative in serum

A

Liver

21
Q

The LD isoenzyme pattern produced by air the worth recite leakage most resembles that seen in which disease state

A

Myocardial infarction

22
Q

The isoenzyme LD 4 and LD 5 are elevated in

A

Liver disease

23
Q

The chemical determination that is helpful in establishing the presence of seminal fluid

A

Acid phosphatase

24
Q

In competitive inhibition of an enzyme reaction the

A

Inhibitor binds to the enzyme at the same site as the substrate

25
Q

In the determination of lactate dehydrogenase at 340nm using pyruvate as a substrate one actually measures the

A

Decrease in nadh

26
Q

The protein portion of an enzyme complex is called the

A

Apoenzyme

27
Q

When a reaction is performed in zero kinetics the rate of reaction is

A

Independent of the substrate concentration

28
Q

Enzyme reaction rates are increased by increasing temperatures until they reach the point of denaturation at

A

40 to 60 degrees Celsius

29
Q

An example of using enzymes as reagents in The Clinical Laboratory is what method

A

The hexokinase glucose method

30
Q

Activity of enzymes in serum may be determined rather than concentration because

A

The amount of enzyme is too low to measure

31
Q

Which CK isoenzyme is elevated and muscle diseases

A

CK-MM

32
Q

Elevation of serum amylase and lipase is commonly seen in

A

Acute pancreatitis

33
Q

The saccharogenic method for amylase determinations measures

A

The amount of product produced

34
Q

What enzyme pattern is most diagnostic of duchenne type muscular dystrophy

A

Total CK level that is 50 to 100 times the ULN

35
Q

What pre-analytical error most commonly causes false increases in serum enzyme measurements

A

The serum was not separated from Red cells within 1 hour

36
Q

Which pre-analytical error most commonly causes false increases in serum enzyme measurements

A

The serum was not separated from red blood cells within 1 hour

Clin Chem (15 decks)

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