Exam 1 - Questions and Answers Flashcards
This country was the first European state to begin Atlantic exploration. It explored down the coast of Africa, settled the islands in the Atlantic, and started to trade in the Indian Ocean after the voyages of Vasco de Gama. It was the first European country to purchase slaves from Africa. It also settled Brazil.
- Portugal
The prevailing Chinese imperial ideology that valued moderation, education, tradition, and respect for ancestors.
- Confucianism
The Islamic Empire, founded by Babur (who claimed to be a descendant of Genghis Khan) united large parts of India from the late 1500s. One of its greatest emperors was Akbar who celebrated religious diversity and held regular meeting to learn from different faiths.
- Mughal Empire
What was the following an outcome of: large-scale religious wars swept Europe for around a century as Protestant and Catholic rulers used religious reasons to expand their power and territory?
- The Reformation of 16th Century Europe
The advance of this huge Eurasian Empire founded by Genghis Kahn - dominant from the twelfth to thirteenth centuries - destroyed old regimes, stimulated trade, and helped bind cultures more closely together. It also helped the spread of the plague. Its collapse opened up a power vacuum that allowed the emergence of many of the new regimes that we have looked at in this section.
- Mongol Empire
This German Protestant reformer wrote 95 theses that protested about the sale of indulgences (certificates that got you out of purgatory). He was one of the first reformers to argue that salvation is by faith alone, not through the practices prescribed by the Catholic Church.
- Martin Luther
The dhow, compass, and astrolabe are all examples of technology that made what easier, safer, and more effective during the 14th and 15th centuries?
- Seaborne Trade
Vasco de Gama was a Portuguese sailor who:
- Sailed round Africa and helped establish Portuguese trading dominance in the Indian Ocean
Who was Suleyman the Great (or Magnificent)?
- Ottoman Sultan
When a dominant state established control over a collection of other states or people groups (often of a different culture, language, religion from the government) it is called:
- Empire
The biological and cultural mixing of European, African, and Native American peoples in Central and South America is called:
- Mestizo
The elite, highly-educated, Confucianist government administrators in the Chinese Empire were called:
- Scholar-Bureaucrats
What is the sharing and diversification of crops, animals and diseases between Old and New worlds in the era after Columbus?
- The Colombian Exchange
The Saffavid Empire, based in Persia (Iran), was one of the three great Islamic Empires which emerged in the 1500s. It often fought the neighboring Ottoman Empire for territory, but these wars also had a religious dimension because…
- The Ottomans were Sunni and the Saffavids were Shi’a
In their newly conquered South American Empire, the Spanish uncovered vast stores of _____, most famously at Potosi, which they exported to pay for European wars, and to purchase Asian luxury goods. The coins minted by the Spanish are sometimes called the world’s first global currency.
- Silver
