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Pathophysiology > Exam 1- Pathophysiology and Cancer M1 > Flashcards

Exam 1- Pathophysiology and Cancer M1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between health promotion and illness prevention?

A

health promotion is used to protect health while illness prevention is used to decrease exposure to risk factors

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2
Q

what is an examples of health promotion?

A

exsercing reguarly and balanced diet

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3
Q

what is an example of
illness prevention?

A

blood pressure screening

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4
Q

what is nonmodifable risk factor?

A

cannot be altered

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5
Q

what is a modifiable risk factor?

A

can be modifided by lifestyle, practices, and behaviors

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6
Q

what is an example of modifiable risk factors?

A
  • drinking H2O
  • not texting and driving
  • obsiety
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7
Q

what are examples of non modifiable risk factors?

A
  • age
  • genetics
  • fam history
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8
Q

what are the phases of illness prevention?

A
  • primary
  • secondary
  • tertiary
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9
Q

what is the purpose primary illness prevention?

A

to min. the chances of dev. illness by decreasing modifiable risk factors

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10
Q

what is an example of primary illness prevention?

A

vaccines

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11
Q

what is the purpose of secondary illness prevention?

A

to screen for illnesses in it’s early stages

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12
Q

what is the purpose of tertiary illness prevention?

A

to stop a dioceses progression/ dev.

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13
Q

what is an example of secondary illness prevention?

A

screenings like a colonoscopy

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14
Q

what is an example of tertiary illness prevention?

A

rehabilitation

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15
Q

what is cellular adaptations?

A

the changing of cells

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16
Q

what are the diffrent examples of cellular adaptations?

( A, HT, HP, MP, DP, NP)

A
  • Atrophy
  • Hypertrophy
  • Hyperplasia
  • Metaplasia
  • Dysplasia
  • Metaplasia
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17
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is atrophy?

without

A

when the cells are thin due to decreaased muscle

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18
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is hypertrophy?

the one w/ the most muscle takes home the trophy

A

the cells are tall due to increased muscle

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19
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is hyperplasia?

asia has a large population

A

when cells increase in #

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20
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is metaplasia?

she such a transformer EXO lets go

A

when the cells replace w/ new cells (adapt)

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21
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is Dysplasia?

dysfunctional

A

a large # of cells that vary

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22
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is neoplasia?

neo= new age

A

new growth “tumor” uncontrolled/ regulated growth of normal cells

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23
Q

what is the definition of pathophysiology?

A

the study of the functional and physiologic chnages that occur in the body during a disease

24
Q

what is an etiology?

A

the cause of a disease

25
what is the definition of prognosis?
the likelihood of possiblites for a disease course
26
what is a sign? | backed by data
objective findings of a disease including assesment and diagnostic findings
27
what is an example of a sign
increased/ decreased BP
28
what is a syptom? | told by the pt
subjective reported manifestations
29
what is an example of symptoms?
cramping
30
what are two diffrent ways that cells can die?
- apoptosis - necrosis
31
what is apoptosis?
programmed cell death
32
what is necrosis?
cell death in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, or failure of the **blood** supply.
33
what are the diffrent types of necrosis? | I, G
- infarction - Gangreene
34
what are the diffrent types of necrosis caused by? | I, D
- injury - disease
35
what is an infarction?
necrosis due to lack of **oxygen**
36
what is gangreene?
An untreated bacterial infection that causes necrosis
37
what are the diffrent clinical manifestations? | LS, AC, SS
- local vs systemic - acute vs chronic - sign vs symptoms
38
what is the diffrence between local vs. systemic?
- local is describing a s/s found at the site of the problem - systemic descrbing a s/s that occurs over the entire body
39
what is the diffrence between acute vs. chronic?
- a disease that appears suddenly then resovles - disease that is long lasting
40
what is the diffrence between signs vs. symptoms?
- objective - subjective
41
what are the diffrent factors that influence chronic diseases? | G, E, L
- Genetic - envoirmental - lifestyles
42
what are the two diffrent types of characteristic of tumors? | B, M
- benign - malignant
43
what is a benign tumor? | inactive
it is a slowly expanding mass w/ relativley normal cells that is tightly encapsulated
44
what is a malignant tumor? | active
it is rapidly expanding irregular mass of cancer cells that infiltrate other body systems
45
what is the definition of metastasis?
a piece of the tumor breaks of and migrates to a diffrent location and grows in a new site
46
what is the definition of invasion?
when one tumor starts to spread systemically
47
what is a carcinogen?
a risk factor that increasing the chances of getting a certain cancer
48
what are the three diffrent categories of carcinogens? | C, P, O
- chemical - physical - oncogenic
49
what is an example of a chemical carcinogen? | pesos
asbestos which are fiborous minreals
50
what is an example of physical carcinogens? | skin
UV rays
51
52
what is an example of oncogenic carcinogen?
BRCA 1-2
53
what is the definition of neoplasms?
a new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body
54
what is the definition of carcinoma in situ? | inside you
a group of abnormal cells that have not spread from the location where they first formed
55
what is the definition of angiogenesis?
the formation of new blood vessels

Pathophysiology (12 decks)

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