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Pathophysiology > Exam 1- Pathophysiology and Cancer M1 > Flashcards

Exam 1- Pathophysiology and Cancer M1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between health promotion and illness prevention?

A

health promotion is used to protect health while illness prevention is used to decrease exposure to risk factors

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2
Q

what is an examples of health promotion?

A

exsercing reguarly and balanced diet

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3
Q

what is an example of
illness prevention?

A

blood pressure screening

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4
Q

what is nonmodifable risk factor?

A

cannot be altered

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5
Q

what is a modifiable risk factor?

A

can be modifided by lifestyle, practices, and behaviors

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6
Q

what is an example of modifiable risk factors?

A
  • drinking H2O
  • not texting and driving
  • obsiety
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7
Q

what are examples of non modifiable risk factors?

A
  • age
  • genetics
  • fam history
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8
Q

what are the phases of illness prevention?

A
  • primary
  • secondary
  • tertiary
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9
Q

what is the purpose primary illness prevention?

A

to min. the chances of dev. illness by decreasing modifiable risk factors

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10
Q

what is an example of primary illness prevention?

A

vaccines

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11
Q

what is the purpose of secondary illness prevention?

A

to screen for illnesses in it’s early stages

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12
Q

what is the purpose of tertiary illness prevention?

A

to stop a dioceses progression/ dev.

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13
Q

what is an example of secondary illness prevention?

A

screenings like a colonoscopy

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14
Q

what is an example of tertiary illness prevention?

A

rehabilitation

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15
Q

what is cellular adaptations?

A

the changing of cells

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16
Q

what are the diffrent examples of cellular adaptations?

( A, HT, HP, MP, DP, NP)

A
  • Atrophy
  • Hypertrophy
  • Hyperplasia
  • Metaplasia
  • Dysplasia
  • Metaplasia
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17
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is atrophy?

without

A

when the cells are thin due to decreaased muscle

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18
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is hypertrophy?

the one w/ the most muscle takes home the trophy

A

the cells are tall due to increased muscle

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19
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is hyperplasia?

asia has a large population

A

when cells increase in #

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20
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is metaplasia?

she such a transformer EXO lets go

A

when the cells replace w/ new cells (adapt)

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21
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is Dysplasia?

dysfunctional

A

a large # of cells that vary

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22
Q

what kind of cellular adaptation is neoplasia?

neo= new age

A

new growth “tumor” uncontrolled/ regulated growth of normal cells

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23
Q

what is the definition of pathophysiology?

A

the study of the functional and physiologic chnages that occur in the body during a disease

24
Q

what is an etiology?

A

the cause of a disease

25
Q

what is the definition of prognosis?

A

the likelihood of possiblites for a disease course

26
Q

what is a sign?

backed by data

A

objective findings of a disease including assesment and diagnostic findings

27
Q

what is an example of a sign

A

increased/ decreased BP

28
Q

what is a syptom?

told by the pt

A

subjective reported manifestations

29
Q

what is an example of symptoms?

A

cramping

30
Q

what are two diffrent ways that cells can die?

A
  • apoptosis
  • necrosis
31
Q

what is apoptosis?

A

programmed cell death

32
Q

what is necrosis?

A

cell death in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, or failure of the blood supply.

33
Q

what are the diffrent types of necrosis?

I, G

A
  • infarction
  • Gangreene
34
Q

what are the diffrent types of necrosis caused by?

I, D

A
  • injury
  • disease
35
Q

what is an infarction?

A

necrosis due to lack of oxygen

36
Q

what is gangreene?

A

An untreated bacterial infection that causes necrosis

37
Q

what are the diffrent clinical manifestations?

LS, AC, SS

A
  • local vs systemic
  • acute vs chronic
  • sign vs symptoms
38
Q

what is the diffrence between local vs. systemic?

A
  • local is describing a s/s found at the site of the problem
  • systemic descrbing a s/s that occurs over the entire body
39
Q

what is the diffrence between acute vs. chronic?

A
  • a disease that appears suddenly then resovles
  • disease that is long lasting
40
Q

what is the diffrence between signs vs. symptoms?

A
  • objective
  • subjective
41
Q

what are the diffrent factors that influence chronic diseases?

G, E, L

A
  • Genetic
  • envoirmental
  • lifestyles
42
Q

what are the two diffrent types of characteristic of tumors?

B, M

A
  • benign
  • malignant
43
Q

what is a benign tumor?

inactive

A

it is a slowly expanding mass w/ relativley normal cells that is tightly encapsulated

44
Q

what is a malignant tumor?

active

A

it is rapidly expanding irregular mass of cancer cells that infiltrate other body systems

45
Q

what is the definition of metastasis?

A

a piece of the tumor breaks of and migrates to a diffrent location and grows in a new site

46
Q

what is the definition of invasion?

A

when one tumor starts to spread systemically

47
Q

what is a carcinogen?

A

a risk factor that increasing the chances of getting a certain cancer

48
Q

what are the three diffrent categories of carcinogens?

C, P, O

A
  • chemical
  • physical
  • oncogenic
49
Q

what is an example of a chemical carcinogen?

pesos

A

asbestos which are fiborous minreals

50
Q

what is an example of physical carcinogens?

skin

A

UV rays

51
Q
A
52
Q

what is an example of oncogenic carcinogen?

A

BRCA 1-2

53
Q

what is the definition of neoplasms?

A

a new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body

54
Q

what is the definition of carcinoma in situ?

inside you

A

a group of abnormal cells that have not spread from the location where they first formed

55
Q

what is the definition of angiogenesis?

A

the formation of new blood vessels

Pathophysiology (12 decks)

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