Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology > Exam 1- Fluid and Electrolyte balance M4 > Flashcards

Exam 1- Fluid and Electrolyte balance M4 Flashcards

1
Q

List and group the fluid compartments in spaces of the body

A
  • intracellular fluid
  • Extra cellular fluid
  • Plasma
  • Interstitial
  • Transcellular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is osmosis?

A

The movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration to low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is hydrostatic pressure?

A

The pressure exerted by fluid at an equilibrium at any point, due to force of gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is oncotic pressure?

A

pressure created by albumin in the fluid that prevents the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is edema?

A

swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is hypervolemia?

A

A condition where your body has too much fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is hypovolemia?

A

A condition where your body has too much fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the etiology of hypervolemia?

A

heart failure, kidney failure, cirrhosis, pregnancy failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the etiology of hypovolemia?

A

loss of bodily fluid or blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are clinical manifestations of hypervolemia?

A

rapid weight gain, edema, Swelling in the abdomen, cramping, headache, stomach bloating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some clinical manifestations of hypovolemia?

A

weakness, fatigue, dizziness, increased thirst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what for electrolytes Play an important role in the body

S, P, C, M

A

sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the function of sodium in the body?

A

maintenance of fluid base balance, normal function of nerve and muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the function of potassium in the body?

A

maintaining nervous system function, contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the normal pH level for blood?

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is considered alkalosis?

A

greater than 7.45

17
Q

what is considered acidosis

A

less than 7.35

18
Q

what are the three ways the body balances pH level?

CBS, L, K

A
  • Cellular buffing system
  • lungs
  • Kidney
19
Q

how is the respiratory system able to balance pH?

A

through respiration rate, when the body is undergoing acidosis, the brain stimulated by high concentrations of hydrogen in increases respiratory rate so more carbon dioxide leaves the body will alkalosis when the brain is stimulated by low concentration of hydrogen ions, and decreases respiratory to keep carbon dioxide in the body

20
Q

how does the renal system balance pH?

A

by eliminating extra hydrogen ions in reabsorbing bicarbonate

21
Q

what keeps fluid in the plasma or vascular space?

A

albumin

22
Q

what term describes the concentration of solvent in a solvent?

A

osmolarity

23
Q

what is pH measuring?

A

The amount of hydrogen ions in the blood

24
Q

what is the normal value of carbon dioxide?

A

35-45

25
Q

what is the normal value of bicarbonate?

A

22-26

26
Q

what is the function of calcium in the body?

A

Plays a role in blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulses, myocardial, contractions, and muscle contractions

27
Q

what is the function of magnesium in the body?

A

it is a co-factor in many enzyme systems such as DNA, protein synthesis, blood glucose, and BP regulations

28
Q

what is the etiology of respiratory acidosis?

A
  • hypoventilation
  • Pneumonia
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Sedated overdose,
  • respiratory muscle weakness
29
Q

what is the pathophysiology of respiratory acidosis?

A

increase carbon dioxide retention from hypoventilation, responses increased, bicarbonate retention by kidney

30
Q

what is the etiology of respiratory alkalosis?

A
  • hyperventilation due to anxiety, exercise, Or hypoxia
  • Liver failure
  • Mechanical hyperventilation
31
Q

what is the pathophysiology of respiratory alkalosis?

A

increase carbon dioxide excretion from hyperventilation causes, increase in bicarbonate excretion by kidney

32
Q

what is the etiology of metabolic acidosis?

A
  • diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Diarrhea
  • Lactic
  • Reno
  • Renal tubular
  • Shock
  • Starvation
33
Q

what is the pathophysiology of metabolic acidosis?

A

response by increasing carbon dioxide, excretion by the lungs

34
Q

what is the etiology of metabolic alkalosis?

A
  • diuretics therapy
  • Hypokalemia
  • Mineralocorticoid use
  • ng suctioning
  • Vomiting
35
Q

what is a Pathophysiology of metabolic alkalosis?

A

loss of strong acid or gain of base response is increased. Carbon dioxide retention by lungs.

Pathophysiology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions