Exam 1 part 2

Question 1

\_\_\_\_\_\_
Diverse in structure and function
amino acids=building blocks
basic structure 
an amo group 
a carboxyl group
a functional side chain (specific for the particular amino acid)

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

There are __ different amino acids

Answer 2

20

Question 3

An amino acid is determined by its ________ _____

Answer 3

functional group

Question 4

Amino acids are charged so they attract each other to form links and folds on the ____ to perform complex and specific funtions

Answer 4

proteins

Question 5

Amino acids are the building blacks of ______

Answer 5

proteins

Question 6

Proteins are made by

Answer 6

conecting amino acids through peptide bonds

Question 7

Amino acids are connected between _______ and the _____ group of 2 amino acids and forms a polypeptide

Answer 7

carboxyl

amino

Question 8

The primary structure of a protein is made up from

Answer 8

a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 9

The secondary structure of a protein is made up from

Answer 9

hydrogen bonds interacting and determining folds/shapes

Question 10

Tertiary twisting and folding caused by ____groups

Answer 10

side

Question 11

Quaternary structure is determined by interactions of separate ______ _____

Answer 11

polypeptide chains

Question 12

Nucleotides are the building blocks of

Answer 12

DNA

Question 13

Nucleotides are composed of

Answer 13

a five carboln sugar a nitrogenous base (pyramidine/Purine)

Question 14

Pyramidines include

Answer 14

Thymine and cytosine

Question 15

Purines include

Answer 15

Guanine and adenine

Question 16

Uracil is a pyramidine/purine

Answer 16

pyramidine

Question 17

In dna C binds to _ and A binds to _

Answer 17

G

T

Question 18

In RNA u is paired with __

Answer 18

A

Question 19

In translation T is replaced with __

Answer 19

U

Question 20

The only difference between each Amino acid is in its _____

Answer 20

r-group

Question 21

General parts of cell include _____ _____, _____, and _____

Answer 21

plasma membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm

Question 22

Cells both ____ amd ____ __ materials via ______ fluids

Answer 22

release
take in
interstitial

Question 23

Fluid mosaic model refers to the model in which all the parts in the cell come together to make a whole.

Answer 23

yep

Question 24

_________ membrane proteins are membrane proteins that adhere only temporarily to the biological membrane with which they are associated

Answer 24

Peripheral

Question 25

An______ membrane protein (IMP) is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane

Answer 25

integral

Question 26

Roles of proteins in membrane include these 4 things

Answer 26

Strucural support transport into/out of cell receptors self markers

Question 27

Endocytosis

Answer 27

invagination of bringing things in

Question 28

Phagocytosis

Answer 28

the ingestion of bacteria or other materials and amoeboid protozoans

Question 29

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 29

endocytosis triggered by a specific trigger effector bonding to a receptor

Question 30

Phagocytosis translates to

Answer 30

cell eating

Question 31

Pinocytosis translates to

Answer 31

cell drinking

Question 32

If DNA is GGA then the mRNA is ____ and the TRNA would be ____

Answer 32

CCU | GGA

Question 33

A substrate is a

Answer 33

reactant

Question 34

Some enzymes use a switch mechanic through _______ and _____

Answer 34

phosphorylation | dephosphoryilation

Question 35

_____ takes off a phosphate while a _____ adds thus triggering the enzyme

Answer 35

phosphorylase | kinase

Question 36

Enzymes are proteins and get ______every so often

Answer 36

______

Question 37

coenzymes purpose are to aid _____ in doing there thing

Answer 37

enzymes

Question 38

coenzymes are derived from water solvable _____

Answer 38

vitamins

Question 39

coenzymes ____ hydrogen atoms and other small molecules

Answer 39

transport

Question 40

We get all energy from the ___

Answer 40

sun

Question 41

Sunlight to plants is about __ efficient

Answer 41

40%

Question 42

Energy lost as heat is used to control ____ ____

Answer 42

body temperature

Question 43

All energy falls into 2 categories ____ and ____

Answer 43

kinetic | potential

Question 44

Reduction is ____ an electron while oxidation is ______ electrons

Answer 44

gaining | losing

Question 45

Anabloic reactions are ______

Answer 45

endergonic

Question 46

Catabolic reactions are ______

Answer 46

exergonic

Question 47

Complete catabolism of glucose requires _____ as the final electron acceptor

Answer 47

oxygen

Question 48

aerobic means with/without _____ and anaerobic means with/without ______

Answer 48

oxygen | oxygen

Question 49

glycolosis occurs in the _____ and is an arobic/anarobic process

Answer 49

cytoplasm | anaerobic

Question 50

Glycolosis has a net ATP yield of

Answer 50

2

Question 51

NAD and FAD shuttle _____ around

Answer 51

enzymes

Question 52

The __ pyruvate from glycolosis is used in the ____ ___ if _____ is present

Answer 52

2 krebs cycles oxygen

Question 53

If oxygen is not present the pyruvate will be used for _____

Answer 53

lactate

Question 54

The krebs cycle starts with ____ ____

Answer 54

acytl coenzyme

Question 55

The krebs cycle releases ____, and is an ____ process

Answer 55

CO2 | aerobic

Question 56

The krebs cycle takes place in the ______ ___

Answer 56

mitochondrial matrix

Question 57

The krebs cycle produces __ NADH, _ FADH, and _ ATP

Answer 57

3 1 1

Question 58

The krebs cycle gets _ rotations per glucose molecule

Answer 58

2

Question 59

The electron transport chain takes place in the ____ _______ ____

Answer 59

inner mitochondrial matrix

Question 60

NADH delivers reagents to complex _ of the electron transport chain

Answer 60

1

Question 61

The hydrogen concentration gradient creates energy through ______ energy

Answer 61

potential

Question 62

ATP synthase triggers the concentration gradient to funnel and utilize energy

Answer 62

true

Question 63

For every NADH you get _ ATP | For every FADH you get _ ATP

Answer 63

3 | 2