Exam 1: Immune Mediated Inflammation

Question 1

all immune responses are directed by

Answer 1

lymphocytes

Question 2

hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 2

immune mediated reactions that damage noraml tissue

Question 3

type 1 hypersensitivity is

Answer 3

immediate type hypersensitivity

Question 4

type 1 reactions include

Answer 4

anaphylaxis, atopy, general reactions

Question 5

Type 1 reaction is mediated by

Answer 5

productiono f IgE from plasma cells

Question 6

IgE binds to

Answer 6

mast cells and basophil Fc receptors

Question 7

after IgE binds to mast cells and basophils, these cells are now

Answer 7

sensitized to a given antigen

Question 8

what are preformed in mast cell granules

Answer 8

histamine, heparin, and serotonin

Question 9

histamine, heparin, and serotonin cause

Answer 9

vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

Question 10

_____ are synthesized by mast cells de-novo at time of degranulation

Answer 10

arachidonic acid metabolites

Question 11

vasoactive products include

Answer 11

leukotrienes and prostaglandins

Question 12

know what are released (page 59)

Answer 12

x

Question 13

what are examples of type I hypersensitivity

Answer 13

hay fever, urticaria, atopy, anaphylaxis

Question 14

when does systemic anaphylaxis occur

Answer 14

when antigens are systemically distributed in a highly sensitized individual

Question 15

principle mediators in anaphylaxis

Answer 15

histamine, leukotrienes, and PAF

Question 16

anaphylaxis is characterized by

Answer 16

smooth muscle contraction in lungs and gut, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, hypotension, vasomotor collapse, and pooling of blood in shock organs

Question 17

the most common pathological finding of anaphylaxis in most species are

Answer 17

pulmonary edema and emphysema, except for dogs, which the major shock organ is the liver, and severe hepatic congestion and visceral hemorrhage

Question 18

milk allergy in jersy cattle

Answer 18

due to missed milking, milk proteins (alpha casein get into circulation act as antigens causing an allergic reaction= urticaria and sometimes life threatening anaphylaxis

Question 19

allergies to vaccines and drugs

Answer 19

not uncommon

Question 20

inhaled allergens cause

Answer 20

atopic dermatitis in dogs

Question 21

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (heaves)

Answer 21

horses that inhale fungal allergens from dusty hay; lungs will be fluffy even after negative pressure interupted

Question 22

warble fly larvae in cattle- hypoderma bovis

Answer 22

if pupae rupture

Question 23

fly bite allergy

Answer 23

horses may also develop type I allergies to culicoides and simulium fly bites

Question 24

type II hypersensitivity is also

Answer 24

cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Question 25

what occurs in Type II

Answer 25

host cells are killed or lysed after reacting with antibody

Question 26

type II depends on abnormal production of

Answer 26

IgG or IgM expressed against tissue antigens or a normal reaction to foreign antigens expressed on host cells

Question 27

why is most of the type II hypersensitivity reactions are hematologic disorders

Answer 27

antibodies are usually directed against antigens present on the surface of red blood cells and platelets