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MLS 442 > Exam 1 (Ch 7 Vocab, part 1/2) > Flashcards

Exam 1 (Ch 7 Vocab, part 1/2) Flashcards

1
Q

Cultivation of microorganisms

A

refers to the lab purposefully growing a pathogen for study, identification, or quality control uses

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2
Q

When cultivating them, the microorganisms’ needs must be met for what 3 things?

A
  1. Nutrients
  2. Atmosphere
  3. Temperature
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3
Q

If a microorganism is not cultivated correctly, it can interfere with ___ ___ and cause ___ ___ ___.

A
  • proper ID

- negative patient outcome

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4
Q

Obligate anaerobe

A

harmed by O2

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5
Q

Capnophilic aerobe

A

needs both O2 and CO2

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6
Q

Capnophilic anaerobe

A

needs CO2, but is harmed by O2

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7
Q

Microaerophilic

A
  • needs decreased amount of O2

- approximately 5%

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8
Q

Facultative anaerobe

A

grows without or without O2

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9
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobe

A
  • tolerates O2 (but grows better without it)
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10
Q

Inoculation

A

the act of transferring a specimen to media

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11
Q

7 types of media

A
  1. General purpose (nutrient)
  2. Selective
  3. Differential
  4. Enrichment
  5. Transport
  6. Specialized
  7. Combination
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12
Q

General purpose/nutrient media

A
  • meets most organisms’ basic nutritional requirements
  • non-selective
  • not all organisms will grow (special needs)
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13
Q

Example of nutrient media

A
  • SBA (sheep blood agar)

- its nutrients includes RBCs

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14
Q

Selective media

A
  • selective for desired microbe
  • contains inhibitory agents
  • can use:
    #chemicals
    #antibiotics
    #dyes
  • results vary among different types of media
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15
Q

7 examples of selective media

A
  1. CNA (colistin-nalidixic acid)
  2. PEA
  3. HE
  4. CampyBA
  5. SSA
  6. TM
  7. LKV
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16
Q

CNA: What is it selective for?

A

Gram positives

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17
Q

PEA: What is it selective for?

A

Gram positives

18
Q

HE: What is it selective for?

A

Gram negatives

19
Q

CampyBA: What is it selective for?

A

Campylobacter species

20
Q

SSA: What is it selective for?

A

Streptococcus species

21
Q

TM: What is it selective for?

A
  • Neisseria species

- Haemophilus species

22
Q

LKV: What is it selective for?

A

anaerobes

23
Q

Differential media

A
  • allows growth to be distinguished
  • supports desired class of microbes while inhibiting other microbes
  • is selective media, with addition of distinguishing growth patterns or appearance
24
Q

6 examples of differential media

A
  1. MAC
  2. EMB
  3. XLD
  4. SS
  5. CIN
  6. MSA
25
Q

MAC

A
  • MacConkey
  • contains bile salts and crystal violet
  • selective for GNR
  • further differentiates between lactose fermenter (grow pink) and non-fermenter (grow colorless)
26
Q

EMB

A

differential media for Gram negatives

27
Q

XLD

A

differential media for Gram negatives

28
Q

SS

A
  • differential media for Gram negatives

- aids in identifying Salmonella and Shigella species

29
Q

CIN

A

differential media for Yersinia species

30
Q

MSA

A
  • differential media for S. aureus and other Staphylococcus species
    #growth indicates Staphylococcus species
    #yellow growth indicates S. aureus
  • high salt content
31
Q

Enrichment media

A
  • sometimes a broth
  • non-selective
  • encourages growth of microbes to enhance specimen
  • also used to encourage growth of fastidious microbes
32
Q

Fastidious

A

hard to grow

33
Q

4 examples of enrichment media

A
  1. BHI
  2. CHOC
  3. GN broth
  4. Thio broth
34
Q

BHI

A
  • brain heart infusion

- enrichment media for fungal microbes

35
Q

CHOC

A
  • chocolate agar

- enrichment media that allows all to grow, including many fastidious

36
Q

GN broth

A
  • enrichment media that encourages Salmonella species and Shigella species
  • also inhibits enteric species (normal flora of GI tract)
37
Q

Thio broth

A
  • thioglycolate broth
  • enrichment media for all microbes
  • usually used in addition to plates for most wounds, joints, etc.
38
Q

About using broth as enrichment media

A
  • broth is good environment for things to grow, but takes more time
  • cannot isolate specimen directly from broth
  • must transfer it to solid media
39
Q

Transport media

A
  • used to maintain the numbers and viability of microbes
  • not designed to increase their growth (just maintain it)
  • often used for:
    #transport to lab from off-campus site
    #transport to reference lab
40
Q

Specialized media

A
  • used when previous categories will not allow target microbe to grow
  • can be needed when NF is so abundant that it must be screened to find pathogen
41
Q

Example of specialized media

A
  • MTM
  • modified Thayer-Martin
  • used to grow Neisseria gonorrhoeae

MLS 442 (16 decks)

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