Exam 1 (Ch 3 Vocab)

Question 1

Bacteriostatic

Answer 1

• slows the growth and inhibits reproduction

- growth will resume when the antimicrobial agent is removed

Question 2

Bactericidal

Answer 2

• kills bacteria
• effects are irreversible
• cells cannot reproduce even after the antimicrobial agent is removed

Question 3

Sterile

Answer 3

no bacterial life

Question 4

Disinfectant

Answer 4

• chemical that can kill bacteria

- cannot be used directly on living tissue

Question 5

Septic

Answer 5

• state of bacteria being present

- example: septicemia (bacteria present in the bloodstream)

Question 6

Aseptic

Answer 6

• without microbes
• aseptic technique = draw blood aseptically
• do not break the sterile field

Question 7

Fermentation

Answer 7

obtaining energy without oxygen/respiration

Question 8

Respiration

Answer 8

obtaining energy with oxygen

Question 9

Tools to visualize bacteria

Answer 9

• microscopy
• cytology
  #bacterial shape
  #bacterial size
  #Gram properties (+) or (-)
  #presence/absence of capsule
  #presence/absence of flagella

Question 10

Properties of Gram positive bacteria

Answer 10

• purple
• 1st stain = crystal violet
• thick outer wall
• a lot of peptidoglycan
• NO lipids

Question 11

Properties of Gram negative bacteria

Answer 11

• pink
• 2nd stain = saffranin
• thinner walls
• less peptidoglycan
• lots of lipids

Question 12

Penicillin

Answer 12

• used against Gram positive bacteria

- Staph and Strep

Question 13

In biochemical tests, what does a positive reaction indicate?

Answer 13

A positive reaction indicates the presence of the enzymes or pathways that are being tested for

Question 14

In biochemical tests, what does a negative result indicate?

Answer 14

A negative result assumes a lack of the enzymes or pathways that are being tested for