Exam 1- Antimetabolites/Alkylating agents/Platinum Flashcards

1
Q

What phase of the cell cycle do antimetabolites primarily work in?

A

S phase

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2
Q

Pyrimidine analogs

A

5-fluorouracil, capecitabine (uracil)

Cytarabine, gemcitabine (cytosine)

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3
Q

Purine analogs

A

6-mercaptopurine

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3
Q

Why is allopurinol contraindicated in patients taking 6-mercaptopurine?

A

Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, which is the enzyme that breaks down 6-mercaptopurine

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4
Q

What is the MOA of cytarabine?

A

competitively inhibits DNA polymerase and also incorporates into DNA to further inhibit DNA synthesis

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5
Q

Are alkylating agents considered cell-cycle specific or non-cell cycle specific?

A

NON cell-cycle specific

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6
Q

What is the most commonly used alkylating agent?

A

cyclophosphamide

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7
Q

Which alkylating agent has more modest side effects than others?

A

cyclophosphamide

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8
Q

Why does cyclophosphamide have only mild bone marrow toxicity?

A

high levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase in bone marrow, the enzyme that inactivates it

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9
Q

Since cyclophosphamide is a prodrug, it requires _______________ by _____________

A

hydroxylation by cytochrome P450

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10
Q

What is mesna used for?

A

mesna is used to inactivate acrolein metabolites (from cyclophosphamide) in the bladder

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11
Q

Mitomycin C has _________ myelosuppression than cyclophosphamide

A

higher

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12
Q

Why does cisplatin form intrastrand crosslinks, as opposed to interstrand?

A

The bond lengths and angles from cisplatin’s cis geometry

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13
Q

Cisplatin has dose-limiting __________________

A

nephrotoxicity

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14
Q
A
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