Exam 1 Flashcards
Made first vaccination
Jenner
Proved hand washing beneficial?
Semmelweis
Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation with bent test tubes
Pasteur
DNA neucleotides
- deoxyribose
- sugar
- phosphate
- nitrogen base
DNA pairs
A-T
C-G
No proteins!!!
Do lipids have monomers?
No
What are the functions of lipids?
- energy
- cell membrane (phospolipids)
- deoxyribose
- ribose
Do carbohydrates have monomers?
Yes monosaccharides
Function of carbohydrates?
- energy
- cell wall (peptidoglycan)
- deoxyribose
- ribose
Assume E. coli is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope 16N. After a 48-hour incubation period the 16N would most likely be found in the E. coli’s __.
proteins
The electrons located on the outermost shell of an atom are known as the __ electrons.
Valence
One isotope of iodine differs from another in __
Number of Neutrons
If Pseudomonas bacteria are supplied with radioactively labeled adenine, after a 24-hour incubation period this adenine would more likely be found in the cell’s __.
DNA
Which of the following are the “building blocks” or monomers of proteins?
a) nucleotides
b) peptides
c) amino acids
d) fatty acids
Amino Acids`
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is NOT found in an RNA molecule?
a) uracil
b) guanina
c) thymine
d) adenine
Thymine
A bond formed from the attraction between ions of opposite charge is called a(n)__.
Ionic Charge
Water has an unequal distribution of charges and is called a(n) __.
Polar Molecule
In a synthesis reaction, __.
atoms, ions, or molecules are combined to form a larger molecule.
You are observing a Gram stain of spherical-shaped microorganisms that are linked in a chain and stain purple. How would you describe these bacteria using the correct terminology for the cell shape and arrangement?
gram positive streptococci
Which of the following statements accurately describes specific bacterial cell walls?
a) Gram-negative bacterial cell walls contain teichoic acids, whereas the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria do not.
b) In bacteria with acid-fast cell walls, the carboxylic acid in the walls forms a layer outside a thin layer of hydrophilic polypeptides.
c) The cell walls of gram-negative bacteria contain many more layers of peptidoglycan than those of gram-positive bacteria.
d) In gram-negative bacteria, the thin layer of peptidoglycan is surrounded by an external membrane made of phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and proteins.
In gram-negative bacteria, the thin layer of peptidoglycan is surrounded by an external membrane made of phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and proteins.
Which of the following is found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells but is ABSENT from the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?
a) Enzymes
b) Cytoskeleton
c) Water
d) DNA
DNA
Which of the following types of bacterial cells would have flagella located at only one end of the cell?
a) peritrichious
b) monotrichious
c) monotrichious and lophotrichious
d) amphitrichious
e) lophotrichious
monotrichious and lophotrichious
Which of the following molecules is shared by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms?
a) lipopolysaccharid
b) N-acetylmuramic acid
c) lipid A
d) lipoteichoic acids
N-acetylmuramic acid
Which structural feature of Gram-positive bacteria enhances their ability to retain the crystal violet dye?
a) an endotoxin
b) a thick layer of peptidoglycan
c) a thin layer of peptidoglycan
d) an outer membrane
a thick layer of peptidoglycan
