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ORG CHEM LAB > EX2: ACIDITY AND BASICITY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS > Flashcards

EX2: ACIDITY AND BASICITY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Flashcards

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1
Q

acids and bases are defined through three main concepts:

A

✓ Arrhenius Theory
✓ Brønsted-Lowry Theory
✓ Lewis electron pair Theory

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2
Q
  • acid is any species that can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions (protons) in an aqueous solution
  • base is any species that can increase the concentration of hydroxide ions, OH–, in an aqueous solution
A

ARRHENIUS THEORY

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3
Q

AT:
* ____ is any species that can INCREASE THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN IONS (protons) in an aqueous solution

A

ACID

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4
Q

AT:
* _____ is any species that can INCREASE THE CONC. OF HYDROXIDE IONS, OH–, in an aqueous solution

A

BASE

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5
Q

AT:
* ACID is any species that can increase the concentration of _________ (protons) in an aqueous solution

A

HYDROGEN IONS H+

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6
Q

aqueous solution

A

SOLVENT = WATER

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7
Q

AT:
* BASE is any species that can increase the concentration of ____________ in an aqueous solution

A

HYDROXIDE IONS OH-

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8
Q

hindi gumagana ang arrhenius theory sa mga ____

A

acid or base in gaseous phase

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9
Q
  • an acid is any species that can donate a proton (H+)
  • a acid must have a hydrogen that can dissociate as H+
  • a base is any species that can accept a proton
  • a base must have at least one lone pair of electron to be able to form bond with a proton
A

BRONSTED-LOWRY THEORY

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10
Q

BLT:
an ______ is any species that can DONATE a proton (H+)

A

ACID

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11
Q

BLT:
* a Brønsted-Lowry ____ must have a hydrogen that can DISSOCIATE as H+

A

ACID

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12
Q

BLT:
* a _____ is any species that can ACCEPT a proton

A

BASE

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13
Q

BLT:
* a Brønsted-Lowry ____ must have at AT LEAST ONE LONE PAIR OF ELECTRON to be able to form bond with a proton

A

BASE

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14
Q

BLT:
* an ACID is any species that can _____ a proton (H+)

A

DONATE

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15
Q

BLT:
* a Brønsted-Lowry ACID must have a hydrogen that can ________ as H+

A

DISSOCIATE

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16
Q

BLT:
* a BASE is any species that can _____ a proton

A

ACCEPT

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17
Q

BLT:
* a Brønsted-Lowry base must have __________ to be able to form bond with a proton

A

AT LEAST ONE LONE PAIR OF ELECTRON

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18
Q

a CONJUFATE ACID is a species formed after the BASE ACCEPTS A PROTON, while a CONJUGATE BASE is the species formed after an ACID DONATES ITS PROTON

A

BRONSTED-LOWRY THEORY

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19
Q

BLT:
a _______ is a species formed after the BASE ACCEPTS A PROTON

A

CONJUGATE ACID

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20
Q

BLT:
a CONJUGATE ACID is a species formed after the base _____ a proton,

A

ACCEPTS

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21
Q

BLT:
a _______ is the species formed after an ACID DONATES ITS PROTON

A

CONJUGATE BASE

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22
Q

BLT:
a CONJUGATE BASE is the species formed after an acid ______ its proton

A

DONATES

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23
Q

can act as either an acid/base

A

AMPHOTERIC (i.e. water)

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24
Q

product of acid-base reaction

A

conj acid & conj base

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25
Q

_____ react almost COMPLETELY with water

A

STRONGER ACIDS

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26
Q

react ONLY SLIGHTLY with water

A

WEAK ACIDS

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27
Q

sample of weak acid

A

ACETIC ACID

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28
Q

gives the EXACT STRENGTH of a given acid in water

A

Ka (acidity constant)

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29
Q

the NEGATIVE LOGARITH in the definition of pKa indicates an _______ between Ka and pKa

A

INVERSE RELATIONSHIP

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30
Q

the _______ in the definition of pKa indicates an INVERSE RELATIONSHIP between Ka and pKa

A

NEGATIVE LOGARITHM

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31
Q
  • an acid is a species that can accept a pair of non-bonding electrons
  • a base is a species that can donate a pair of non-bonding electrons
  • suggest that acids react with bases, sharing a pair of electrons, with no change in the oxidation numbers of any atoms
A

LEWIS ELECTRON PAIR THEORY

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32
Q

LEPT:
* an ____ is a species that can ACCEPT a pair of non-bonding electrons

A

ACID

33
Q

LEPT:
* an ACID is a species that can ______ a pair of non-bonding electrons

A

ACCEPT

34
Q

LEPT:
* a _____ is a species that can DONATE a pair of non-bonding electrons

A

BASE

35
Q

LEPT:
* a BASE is a species that can ______ a pair of non-bonding electrons

A

DONATE

36
Q
  • suggest that acids react with bases, SHARING A PAIR OF ELECTRONS, with NO CHANGE IN THE OXIDATION NUMBERS of any atoms
A

LEWIS ELECTRON PAIR THEORY

37
Q

pH

A

H+ ions / acid

38
Q

pOH

A

HYDROXIDE OH- / BASIC

39
Q

defined as the NEGATIVE LOGARITHM of the H+ ion concentration of a
substance

A

pH

40
Q

defined as the NEGATIVE LOGARITHM of the OH– ion concentration of a substance

A

pOH

41
Q

the pH scale allows us to easily classify substances based on their acidity and basicity at

A

25°C

42
Q

pH level of stomach acid

A

1

43
Q

ph level of vinegar

A

2

44
Q

ph level of orange juice

A

3

45
Q

pH level of tomato

A

4

46
Q

pH level of black coffee

A

5

47
Q

pH level of urine

A

6

48
Q

pH level of water

A

7

49
Q

pH level of sea water

A

8

50
Q

pH level of baking soda

A

9

51
Q

pH level of indigestion tablet

A

10

52
Q

pH level of ammonia soln

A

11

53
Q

pH level of soapy water

A

12

54
Q

pH level of bleach

A

13

55
Q

pH level of drain cleaner

A

14

56
Q

low pH level

A

aicd

57
Q

high pH level

A

alkali / basic

58
Q

neutral ph level

A

5 - 7

59
Q

measures the pH of the solution by changing its color depending on the concentration of H+ and OH– ions

A

pH paper

60
Q

pH paper is treated with an indicator, which is ______, an ANTHOCYANIN commonly found in red cabbages

A

FLAVIN

61
Q

flavin is commonly found in

A

RED CABBAGES

62
Q

flavin usually turns:
* red if the solution is

A

ACIDIC

63
Q

flavin usually turns:
greenish if the soln is

A

NEUTRAL

64
Q

flavin usually turns:
purple if the soln is

A

BASIC

65
Q
  • a MORE ACCURATE method than pH paper
  • determines the MOLAR CONCENTRATION
  • contains a PROBE that passes the electrical signals to the meter itself which interprets the electrical signals and display the results on its screen
A

pH METER

66
Q

two electrodes that the glass pH probe contains

A

SENSOR ELECTRODE
REFERENCE ELECTRODE

67
Q

electrode that contains a pH 7 buffer
solution

A

SENSOR

68
Q

electrode that usually contains SATURATED POTASSIUM CHLORIDE SOLN

A

REFERENCE

69
Q

electrodes made up of

A

POROUS GLASS

70
Q

these electrodes made up of porous glass have both a silver wire covered with

A

SILVER CHLORIDE / CALOMEL

71
Q

0.1 M acetic acid

A

ACIDIC

72
Q

0.1 M acetamide

A

BASIC

73
Q

0.1 M phenol

A

ACIDIC

74
Q

0.1 M glycine

A

NEUTRAL

75
Q

1% glucose

A

NEUTRAL

76
Q

aniline

A

BASIC

77
Q

acetone

A

ACIDIC TO NEUTRAL

78
Q

isopropyl alcohol

A

ACIDIC

ORG CHEM LAB (20 decks)

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