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ORG CHEM LAB > EX 9: PHENOLS > Flashcards

EX 9: PHENOLS Flashcards

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1
Q
  • organic aromatic compounds wherein the HYDROXYL GROUP IS ATTACHED to a BENZENE RING
  • considered as alcohols due to their OH group, however, DIFFER in their CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR
A

PHENOLS

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2
Q

phenols difference with alcohols technically is due to the _____

A

PHENYL RING

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3
Q

EPINEPHRINE, NEPINEPHRINE, DOPAMINE

A

CATHECOLAMINES

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4
Q

ortho

A

CATHECOL

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5
Q

micro

A

RESORCINOL

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6
Q

para

A

HYDROQUINONE

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7
Q
  • TOXIC, COLORLESS CRYSTALLINE solid with SWEET TARRY odor
  • usually employed as an ANTISEPTIC and DISINFECTANT
  • also used in cosmetic formulations and manufacture of some drugs (precursor)
A

PHENOLS

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8
Q

Phenols are also known as

A

hydroxybenzene / carbolic acid

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9
Q
  • a surgeon who discovered that patients die due to secondary infections
  • he used carbolic acid to wash hands / disinfect before performing the surgery
A

JOSEPH LISTER

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10
Q

boiling point of phenols

A

HIGHER than hcs

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11
Q

H-bonds make it possible for the phenol to be __________ to the water

A

SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE

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12
Q

PHENOLS:
an __________ in the size of the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group decreases it solubility in water

A

INCREASE

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13
Q

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the ___________ attached to the hydroxyl group decreases it solubility in water

A

ARYL GROUP

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14
Q

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the aryl group attached to the ________ group decreases it solubility in water

A

HYDROXYL

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15
Q

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group ________ it solubility in water

A

DECREASES

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16
Q

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group decreases it _______ in water

A

SOLUBILITY

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17
Q

the reaction of phenols with active metals form _______

A

PHENOXIDES

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18
Q

phenol attached to a metal

A

PHENOXIDES

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19
Q

PHENOLS:
sp2 hybridized C of the benzene ring attached to the OH group functions as an

A

ELECTRON WITHDRAWING GROUP

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20
Q

due to the DELOCALIZATION of the electrons in the benzene ring, phenoxide ions are _________

A

MORE STABLE

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21
Q

_____ are MORE AICDIC than alcohols

A

PHENOLS

22
Q

in substituted phenols, its acidity ________ if an electron donating group is attached to the ring and vice versa

A

DECREASES

23
Q

diazotization of primary aromatic amines

A

SYNTHESIS OF PHENOLS

24
Q

benzene diazonium chloride is formed when a primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at

A

~5°C,

25
Q

primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at ~5°C forms __________

A

benzene diazonium chloride

26
Q

these diazonium salts are _________ and upon warming with water, will be
hydrolyzed in to phenol

A

HIGHLY REACTIVE

27
Q

these diazonium salts are highly reactive and upon warming with water, will be
hydrolyzed in to _______

A

PHENOL

28
Q

identify SOLUBILITY of phenols

A

SOLUBILITY TEST

29
Q

SOLUBILITY TEST:
phenols react with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide to form ______________ (more soluble with water compared to phenol due to its phenyl ring)

A

SODIUM PHENOXIDE

30
Q

SOLUBILITY TEST:
phenol in 5% NaOH

A

SOLUBLE; CLEAR DARK BROWN TO BLACK SOLN

31
Q

can detect the presence of PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS

A

RXN W/ FERRIC CHLORIDE

32
Q

RXN W FERRIC CHLORDE:
POSITIVE RESULT

A

COLORED COMPLEXES

33
Q

RXN W/ FERRIC CHLORIDE:
formation of __________ that absorbs visible light to give an excited state in which electrons are delocalized over both the iron atom and the conjugated organic system

A

FERRIC PHENOXIDE

34
Q

RXN W/ FERRIC CHLORIDE:
formation of ferric phenoxide that absorbs _________ to give an excited state in which electrons are delocalized over both the iron atom and the conjugated organic system

A

VISIBLE LIGHT

35
Q

can be used to identify PHENOLICS (however, other compounds may also yield positive results)

A

BROMINE WATER TEST

36
Q

BROMINE WATER TEST:
POSITIVE RESULT

A

CLEAR COLORLESS SOLN W/ WHITE PPT

37
Q

BROMINE WATER TEST:
bromination of phenol results to _______________ product which appears as white precipitate while the side product of hydrobromic acid results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an antiseptic

A

2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL

38
Q

BROMINE WATER TEST:
bromination of phenol results to 2,4,6-tribromophenol product which appears as _________ while the side product of hydrobromic acid results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an antiseptic

A

WHITE PPT

39
Q

BROMINE WATER TEST:
bromination of phenol results to 2,4,6-tribromophenol product which appears as white precipitate while the side product of ___________ results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an antiseptic

A

HYDROBROMIC ACID

40
Q

BROMINE WATER TEST:
bromination of phenol results to 2,4,6-tribromophenol product which appears as white precipitate while the side product of hydrobromic acid results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an ________

A

ANTISEPTIC

41
Q

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN:
phenol can also be used as _________ in the synthesis of several organic compounds

A

PRECURSOR

42
Q

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN:
phenol reacts with ___________ under an acid catalyst using an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction

A

PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE

43
Q

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN:
phenol reacts with phthalic anhydride under an acid catalyst using an ____________________ reaction

A

ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION

44
Q

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN:
color in ACIDIC soln

A

COLORLESS

45
Q

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN:
color in BASIC soln

A

PINK TO MAGENTA

46
Q

determine the presence of phenolic compounds in AMINO ACIDS

A

MILLON’S TEST

47
Q

Millon’s reagent

A

HgNO3 (mercurous nitrate) & Hg(NO3)2 (mercuric nitrate) in HNO3 (nitric acid)

48
Q

MILLON’S TEST:
POSITIVE RESULT

A

RED PPT

49
Q

the only amino acid with phenol in its structure

A

TYROSINE

50
Q

MILLON’S TEST:
amino acids and proteins with phenol radicals react with Millon’s reagent to form _______________

A

RED COLORED SOLN

ORG CHEM LAB (20 decks)

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