EX 9: PHENOLS

Question 1

• organic aromatic compounds wherein the HYDROXYL GROUP IS ATTACHED to a BENZENE RING
• considered as alcohols due to their OH group, however, DIFFER in their CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR

Answer 1

PHENOLS

Question 2

phenols difference with alcohols technically is due to the _____

Answer 2

PHENYL RING

Question 3

EPINEPHRINE, NEPINEPHRINE, DOPAMINE

Answer 3

CATHECOLAMINES

Question 4

ortho

Answer 4

CATHECOL

Question 5

micro

Answer 5

RESORCINOL

Question 6

para

Answer 6

HYDROQUINONE

Question 7

• TOXIC, COLORLESS CRYSTALLINE solid with SWEET TARRY odor
• usually employed as an ANTISEPTIC and DISINFECTANT
• also used in cosmetic formulations and manufacture of some drugs (precursor)

Answer 7

PHENOLS

Question 8

Phenols are also known as

Answer 8

hydroxybenzene / carbolic acid

Question 9

• a surgeon who discovered that patients die due to secondary infections
• he used carbolic acid to wash hands / disinfect before performing the surgery

Answer 9

JOSEPH LISTER

Question 10

boiling point of phenols

Answer 10

HIGHER than hcs

Question 11

H-bonds make it possible for the phenol to be __________ to the water

Answer 11

SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE

Question 12

PHENOLS:
an __________ in the size of the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group decreases it solubility in water

Answer 12

INCREASE

Question 13

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the ___________ attached to the hydroxyl group decreases it solubility in water

Answer 13

ARYL GROUP

Question 14

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the aryl group attached to the ________ group decreases it solubility in water

Answer 14

HYDROXYL

Question 15

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group ________ it solubility in water

Answer 15

DECREASES

Question 16

PHENOLS:
an increase in the size of the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group decreases it _______ in water

Answer 16

SOLUBILITY

Question 17

the reaction of phenols with active metals form _______

Answer 17

PHENOXIDES

Question 18

phenol attached to a metal

Answer 18

PHENOXIDES

Question 19

PHENOLS:
sp2 hybridized C of the benzene ring attached to the OH group functions as an

Answer 19

ELECTRON WITHDRAWING GROUP

Question 20

due to the DELOCALIZATION of the electrons in the benzene ring, phenoxide ions are _________

Answer 20

MORE STABLE

Question 21

_____ are MORE AICDIC than alcohols

Answer 21

PHENOLS

Question 22

in substituted phenols, its acidity ________ if an electron donating group is attached to the ring and vice versa

Answer 22

DECREASES

Question 23

diazotization of primary aromatic amines

Answer 23

SYNTHESIS OF PHENOLS

Question 24

benzene diazonium chloride is formed when a primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at

Answer 24

~5°C,

Question 25

primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at ~5°C forms __________

Answer 25

benzene diazonium chloride

Question 26

these diazonium salts are _________ and upon warming with water, will be hydrolyzed in to phenol

Answer 26

HIGHLY REACTIVE

Question 27

these diazonium salts are highly reactive and upon warming with water, will be hydrolyzed in to _______

Answer 27

PHENOL

Question 28

identify SOLUBILITY of phenols

Answer 28

SOLUBILITY TEST

Question 29

SOLUBILITY TEST: phenols react with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide to form ______________ (more soluble with water compared to phenol due to its phenyl ring)

Answer 29

SODIUM PHENOXIDE

Question 30

SOLUBILITY TEST: phenol in 5% NaOH

Answer 30

SOLUBLE; CLEAR DARK BROWN TO BLACK SOLN

Question 31

can detect the presence of PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS

Answer 31

RXN W/ FERRIC CHLORIDE

Question 32

RXN W FERRIC CHLORDE: POSITIVE RESULT

Answer 32

COLORED COMPLEXES

Question 33

RXN W/ FERRIC CHLORIDE: formation of __________ that absorbs visible light to give an excited state in which electrons are delocalized over both the iron atom and the conjugated organic system

Answer 33

FERRIC PHENOXIDE

Question 34

RXN W/ FERRIC CHLORIDE: formation of ferric phenoxide that absorbs _________ to give an excited state in which electrons are delocalized over both the iron atom and the conjugated organic system

Answer 34

VISIBLE LIGHT

Question 35

can be used to identify PHENOLICS (however, other compounds may also yield positive results)

Answer 35

BROMINE WATER TEST

Question 36

BROMINE WATER TEST: POSITIVE RESULT

Answer 36

CLEAR COLORLESS SOLN W/ WHITE PPT

Question 37

BROMINE WATER TEST: bromination of phenol results to _______________ product which appears as white precipitate while the side product of hydrobromic acid results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an antiseptic

Answer 37

2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL

Question 38

BROMINE WATER TEST: bromination of phenol results to 2,4,6-tribromophenol product which appears as _________ while the side product of hydrobromic acid results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an antiseptic

Answer 38

WHITE PPT

Question 39

BROMINE WATER TEST: bromination of phenol results to 2,4,6-tribromophenol product which appears as white precipitate while the side product of ___________ results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an antiseptic

Answer 39

HYDROBROMIC ACID

Question 40

BROMINE WATER TEST: bromination of phenol results to 2,4,6-tribromophenol product which appears as white precipitate while the side product of hydrobromic acid results to decolorization of the solution with an odor of an ________

Answer 40

ANTISEPTIC

Question 41

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN: phenol can also be used as _________ in the synthesis of several organic compounds

Answer 41

PRECURSOR

Question 42

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN: phenol reacts with ___________ under an acid catalyst using an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction

Answer 42

PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE

Question 43

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN: phenol reacts with phthalic anhydride under an acid catalyst using an ____________________ reaction

Answer 43

ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION

Question 44

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN: color in ACIDIC soln

Answer 44

COLORLESS

Question 45

FORMATION OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN: color in BASIC soln

Answer 45

PINK TO MAGENTA

Question 46

determine the presence of phenolic compounds in AMINO ACIDS

Answer 46

MILLON'S TEST

Question 47

Millon’s reagent

Answer 47

HgNO3 (mercurous nitrate) & Hg(NO3)2 (mercuric nitrate) in HNO3 (nitric acid)

Question 48

MILLON'S TEST: POSITIVE RESULT

Answer 48

RED PPT

Question 49

the only amino acid with phenol in its structure

Answer 49

TYROSINE

Question 50

MILLON'S TEST: amino acids and proteins with phenol radicals react with Millon’s reagent to form _______________

Answer 50

RED COLORED SOLN